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New England Colonies

New England Colonies. The Pilgrims Land at Plymouth Broke away from the Anglican Church Pilgrims – Fled to Holland to escape prison Worried about losing heritage, headed to America Mayflower Difficult journey Blown off course, decide to settle in New England (Plymouth) Early problems

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New England Colonies

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  1. New England Colonies

  2. The Pilgrims Land at Plymouth • Broke away from the Anglican Church • Pilgrims – Fled to Holland to escape prison • Worried about losing heritage, headed to America • Mayflower • Difficult journey • Blown off course, decide to settle in New England (Plymouth) • Early problems • Plague • Squanto – helped the early settlers • First Thanksgiving • Puritans Found Massachusetts • John Winthrop – Saw Massachusetts as a haven for the Puritans (1630) • Colony would be an example to the world • Great Migration • Economic hardships • 20,000 settlers by 1643 • John Winthrop • Hid the true laws in the charter from the people (Freemen, General Court) • Felt the government should help the church, but the congregation should control its own church • Mandatory Church Attendance • Regulating Behavior (Blue Laws) • Taxes to Benefit the Church

  3. Rhode Island • Puritans were intolerant of other religions as well. • Roger Williams • Would not work for the Puritans. Felt they corrupted themselves by remaining in the Anglican Church • Ruffled feathers in Salem and Plymouth (Teacher) • Puritans expelled him • Bought land from the Narragansett and founded Providence where government had no religious authority. • Anne Hutchinson • Claimed to know who had salvation and who didn’t • Claimed God spoke to her directly • Banished and headed south, founded Portsmouth • Other Puritans were banished and headed South. • 1644 Rhode Island is founded (Total separation of church and state)

  4. Connecticut • Thomas Hooker • Wanted to move his congregation • Others also headed to the area and formed towns • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) • First written constitution in the American colonies • All men could vote, not just members of the church • Pequot War

  5. New Hampshire and Maine • Some of Hutchinson’s followers headed north, not south • Sir Fernando Gorges – Maine • Captain John Mason – New Hampshire • Massachusetts claimed both colonies, eventually buying Maine

  6. King Phillip’s War • 40 years of peace after the Pequot War • Fur Trade • Trade declines by 1670, forcing of natives to adopt European culture • Three Wampanoag tried and executed for murder • King Phillip (Chief Metacomet) • Settlers won, most natives were driven out of New England

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