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The Würzburg School

The Würzburg School. Who were they?. Oswald Külpe (1862-1915) Karl Marbe (1869-1953) Founded an Institute of Psychology in Würzburg in 1896 to study THOUGHT PROCESSES (as opposed to thought content. Thought processes?. For example: Judgment Knowing Understanding Interpreting

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The Würzburg School

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  1. The Würzburg School

  2. Who were they? • Oswald Külpe (1862-1915) • Karl Marbe (1869-1953) • Founded an Institute of Psychology in Würzburg in 1896 to study THOUGHT PROCESSES (as opposed to thought content

  3. Thought processes? • For example: • Judgment • Knowing • Understanding • Interpreting • What is the process of this like? • As opposed to: what is the content of this like?

  4. Some of Külpe students • Max Wertheimer • Kurt Koffka • Richard Pauli • Albert Michotte • Basically the who 's who of the gestalt movement

  5. An experiment by Albert Michotte • Here is a demonstration of one of Michotte's experiments • In what ways do those experiments deal with thought process rather than thought content? • (note : these are Gestalt experiments)

  6. Karl Marbe's method • Uses the method of SYSTEMATIC SELF OBSERVATION (spoken reflection) to get at the process of thought. • For example. Solve the following riddle: • Sisters and brothers have I none, but that man's father is my father's son. How is this possible? And as you work at solving it, keep track of your thinking process. • How is this different from introspection?

  7. Other members of the Würzburg school (1) • Karl Bühler(1879-1963) • His wife is Charlotte Bühler, a well known developmentalist • Some famous students were Konrad Lorenz (etology), Neal Miller and Edward Tolman (cognitive behaviorism)

  8. Other members of the Würzburg school (2) • Narziss Kaspar Ach (1871-1946) • Introduces the concept of "determining tendencies". • How does a person's behavior change from random to determined?

  9. Other members of the Würzburg school (3) • Otto Selz (1881-1943) (died in Auschwitz) • The notion of "schematic anticipation", leads to the concept of AI • For example: what should go in the missing places?

  10. What did Wundt think of this? • Too phenomenological • Too qualitative • What do you think?

  11. THE END

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