Anatomy of the –inos at the ILC

1. The Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics Arcetri, Florence ILC Physics in Florence September 12-14, 2007 Anatomy of the –inosat the ILC Jan Kalinowski

2. Outline • Introduction • brief motivation and overview • MSSM charginos and neutralinos • properties,basic reactions, signatures • Neutralinos beyond MSSM • U(1) extended MSSM • Towards reconstructing thefundamental theory • the SPA Convention and Project Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

3. Introduction - MSSM zoo 4 x neutralino ~ H0 H0 H± 1 2 x chargino ~ 2 ~ SM SUSY squarks (L&R)sleptons (L&R)sneutrinos (L&?) quarks (L&R)leptons (L&R) neutrinos (L&?) Spin-1/2 Spin-0 gluino BinoWino0Wino± gluon Z0W± AfterMixing Spin-1 BW0 Spin-1/2 h0 H0 A0 H± Spin-0 Extended higgs sector (2 doublets) Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

4. Exact SUSY Exact SUSY => no new parameters • SUSY implies relations between masses and couplings: • gauge coupling = Yukawa coupling crucial for hierarchy problem • scalars and fermions from the same multiplet have equal masses SUSY must be broken Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

5. Unconstrained MSSM No particular SUSY breaking mechanism assumed L. Girardello, M. Grisaru ’82 No additional mass terms for chiral fermions Relations between dimensionless couplings unchanged Most general case: 105 new parameter – masses mixing angles, CP phases Good phenomenological description if universal breaking terms Experimental determination of SUSY parameters => patterns of SUSY breaking Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

6. MSSM charginos and neutralinos Mass matrices neutralinos charginos At tree level: charginos neutralinos Expected to be among the lightest sparticles A good starting point towards SUSY parameter determination Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

7. Charginos Chargino mass matrix diagonalized by two unitary matrices Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

8. Chargino production in e+e- after Fierz-ing For diagonal pairs (11)/(22) For non-diagonal pairs (12)/(21) Choi ea • linear in • CP phases enter only (12)/(21) • sneutrino only in LR amplitude • breaks L-R symmetry Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

9. Chargino production in e+e- With polarized beams , summing chargino polarizations Polarized beams not sufficient to probe CP from cross-section measurements alone • Only Q4 changes sign under CP • determines the normal component of the polarization vector of produced chargino • vanishes if produced charginos are of equal mass Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

10. Determining masses and mixings [fb] Masses: from threshold or in continuum If mass splitting small, exploit U.Martyn C.Hensel Mixing angles: from polarized cross sections Choi ea. If only light chargino measured, reconstruction possible with help from neutralinos Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

11. Derive SUSY parameterss Choi ea., Kneur & Moultaka • Two-fold ambiguity in resolved from • chargino spin • or CP-asymmetries in production+decay, e.g. Bartl ea., hep-ph/0608065 Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

12. Beyond tree level Chargino decay width Total cross section for non-diagonal pairs Osland, Vereshagin JK, Rolbiecki Bartl ea. Important for precise parameter determination New possibilities to probe CP, e.g. Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

13. Neutralinos Neutralino mass matrix diagonalized by a unitary matrix Can be solved analytically Unitarity constraints – two types of unitarity quadrangles Two rows: CKMZ ’01 Two columns Unlike in CKM or MNS, the orientation of all quadrangles is physical CP is conserved if all quadrangles collaps to lines parallel to either Re or Im axis Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

14. Unitarity quadrangles D M Choi ea All phases determined by two phases of M1 and mu parameters – many consistency checks Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

15. Neutralino production after Fierz-ing selectron exchanges For polarized beams and summing neutralino polarizations Majorana nature => new term non-vanishing only if CP violated and neutralinos of different mass where e.g. Transverse beam polarization useful to probe CP in non-diagonal neutralino pairs Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

16. Neutralino masses, couplings Martyn Masses from threshold or in continuum Couplings: gauge=Yukawa Choi ea If only the lightest accessible, exploit Ambrosanio, Mele Possible with high luminosity + polarization O.Kittel, LCWS’07 Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

17. Majorana and CP of neutralinos Production: + Decay: If CP conserved, in non-relat. limit for production for decay ( intrinsic CP ) • Can be probed in • neutralino pair production at threshold • neutralino decay spectrum near the end-point • neutralino production decay Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

18. Majorana and CP of neutralinos 1. Production at threshold • if => P-wave • if => S-wave CPC:if (13) and (23) in S-wave (12) must be in P-wave otherwise CP violated JK 2. Compare production of (12) with decay of 2->1 CPC:if production in S-wave decay must be in P-wave otherwise CP violated S.Y.Choi Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

19. Majorana and CP of neutralinos • Kinematics fully reconstructable • Neutralino coming from selectron fully polarized • left-handed in • right-handed in One can have a sample of fully polarized neutralinos and analyze their decay in the rest frame! • lepton angular distribution w.r.t. neutralino spin: slopes equal irresp. CP • CP-odd asymmetry Choi, Chung, Kim, JK, Rolbiecki Consider the process + c.c. Aguilar-Saavedra Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

20. Neutralinos as tools Berggren If a double cascade occurs, the intermediate state can be fully reconstructed e.g. • Assuming neutralino masses known to some extent • two LSP 4-momenta => 8 unknowns • 4 mass relations + E,p conservation => 8 constraints • LSP momenta can be reconstructed 4-momentum of the intermediate particle (here slepton) can be measured! So if you are used to think that a sparticle is just an edge or an end-point, change your mind – it can be a peak! Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

21. Heavy sfermion case • obtain sneutrino mass • distinguish models • (e.g. focus point SUSY fromsplit SUSY) => AFB Decay lepton FB asymmetry Desch, JK, Moortgat-Pick, Rolbiecki, Stirling sfermions ~ 2 TeV, only stop1 ~1.1 TeV FB asymmetry very sensitive to sneutrino mass , Z Even a partial spectrum can tell a lot… Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

22. Deriving parameter M1 Assume known from chargino sector Each neutralino mass satisfies characteristic equation of Each neutralino mass defines a circle Three neutralinos, or two + cross section enough => Re M1 and Im M1 Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

23. If only light chargino and neutralinos? Heavy chargino mass bound Fully determined! Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

24. Closure of neutralino system SU(2) n doublets and m singlets n Choi, JK, Moortgat-Pick, Zerwas In extensions of MSSM more neutralinos, e.g. NMSSM, or gauged U(1), or ... Suppose we observe 4 neutralinos: are there more above kinematic reach? Exploit sum rules for couplings: approach to asymptotia is calculable Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

25. Neutralinos beyond MSSM MSSM has problems: Dark matte:r • Bino DM: generally gives • Wino/Higgsino DM: generally gives • only small parts of the ”octopus” in the cMSSM left problem: why in is of order EW scale Extensions • NMSSM promote to vev of some scalar field S but broken Z3 symmetry => cosmological domain-wall problem • promote PQ to the U(1) gauge symmetry: U(1)-extended SUSY Nilles ea, Frere ea Derendinger ea Ellwanger ea, … Cvetic ea, Suematsu ea, Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

26. Neutralinos in U(1) extension In the basis, the neutralino mass matrix: where and the U(1)x charges Note a see-saw type 2x2 block in subspace: Suematsu Hesselbach ea, Moortgat-Pick ea, Barger ea, King ea, for large singlino may become very light New avenues for Dark Matter -> G. Belanger Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

27. Example . Neutralino masses Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC Choi, Haber, JK, Zerwas

28. Towards reconstructing SUSY: We would like to know the relation of the visible sector to the fundamental theory: • what is the origin of SUSY breaking ? • what is the role of neutrinos ? • is it related to the theory of early universe ? • how to embed gravity ? etc., etc. Probably we won’t have a direct experimental access to these questions But SUSY is a predictive framework ! We can analyse precision data and state how well within some specific SUSY/GUT model the relation of observable to fundamental physics can be established • Supersymmetry particles will be discovered at the LHC • Future ILC will provide additional precision data on masses and couplings Will everybody be happy? You may ask: who cares about precision ?? Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

29. Remember Tycho Brache ? from W. Kilian Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

30. Practical questions • What precision can be achieved on parameters of the MSSM Lagrangian ? • Lagrangian parameters not directly measurable • some parameters are not directly related to one particular observable, e.g., tanb, m • fitting procedure, .... • Can we reconsruct the fundamental theory at high scale ? • unification of couplings, soft masses etc.??? • which SUSY breaking mechanism ?? Project • How precisely can we predict masses, cross sections, branching ratos, couplings etc. ? • many relations between sparticle masses already at tree-level, much worse at loop-level • no obvious choice of renormalizaton scheme Spiritus movens: Peter Zerwas Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

31. The Project mi The SPA Project is exactly this: • Define a framework and tools for precision SUSY analyses • Establish a common language • Set up a testbed model and its ‘epicycles’ • Find the strong and weak points validating them with simulated data . - improve where necessary and use this to establish the connection to a - the fundamental theory Status of today: issues have been ordered, written up and published for tomorrow: plenty of work to do! Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

32. The Document More than one ‘astronomer’ involved http://spa.desy.de/spa Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

33. The testbed m • SPS1a’- derivative of the SPS1a point LHC friendly: + beautiful chain decays + many end in leptons ILC friendly: + all H’s and –inos within reach (at 1 TeV) + light sleptons Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

34. The project • a well defined framework for SUSY analyses • all necessary theoretical and computational tools • a well defined testground SPS1a’ • a platform for future extensions/developments • SPA: a joint interregional theoretical and experimental effort • It provides: • Report • Many things to work on both experimental and theoretical side Eur.Phys.J.C46:43-60,2006 [arXiv:hep-ph/05113444]. http://spa.desy.de/spa • LHC+ILC – telescope to GUT/Pl physics Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

35. Summary • Supersymmetry has been motivated as a way to stabilize the hierarchy • Charginos and neutralinos can be among light sparticles • Perfect starting point for SUSY parameter determination • ILC – ideal place for opening up the window to new physics • SPA Project - a platform for future developments Anatomy of the -inos at the ILC

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