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EU Communication policy group

By: Anna, Theresa, Steph , Geoff, and Jeff. EU Communication policy group. Italy: the Threat to Media Pluralism. Duopoly: RAI and Mediaset 85 - 90% audience share Media consolidation of both television networks under Berlusconi Gasparri Law adopted in 2004. Conclusions & Recommendations.

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EU Communication policy group

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  1. By: Anna, Theresa, Steph, Geoff, and Jeff EU Communication policy group

  2. Italy: the Threat to Media Pluralism • Duopoly: RAI and Mediaset • 85 - 90% audience share • Media consolidation of both television networks under Berlusconi • Gasparri Law adopted in 2004

  3. Conclusions & Recommendations • Not adequate in protecting media pluralism and ensuring fair competition – liberal model • Recommendations: include audience share and revenue limits in regulations; establish authorities with the power to act against media concentration; measures that actively promote plurality

  4. French Cultural Diplomacy 3 main objectives for French cultural policy externally: • Bring other cultures to France • Promote cultural understanding and cooperation • And, the biggest one, which is promote French culture around the world 2 main players have to work together: • Ministry of Foreign Affairs • Ministry of Culture and Communication Laws analyzed in report: • -Foundations: Constitution of 1954, Article 87 & 88: • -Recent Changes: Act on The External Action of the State of July 2010: Decree #2010-1695

  5. Implications: Articles 87 & 88 of the Constitution: • France has a historical tradition and structure for cultural diplomacy & cultural aid: makes it a model Decree 2010-1695: • gives cultural diplomacy a higher profile • a broader mission • different status: from ‘Not for Profit’ to ‘Public agency permitted to engage in commercial activities

  6. Conclusions Analysis: • Roots of the Aesthetic model here • Also the Modern/Industrial model: Alternative to cultural • An embrace of “soft power” • Reaction to a more globalized world • One independent organization potential to be better organized and more effective Recommendations: • Is this French institutional model, post Act on Exterior Action, one to follow? • Build monitoring and evaluation into the institutional structure of InstitutFrancais, especially for the development of new missions • Recommend further research on the change of the organization’s status (public/industrielfrom association) • Wait and see

  7. Germany’s Strafgezetzbuch • “Whoever publically… approves of an act committed under… National Socialism… shall be punished by imprisonment up to five years or a monetary fine.” {ART CXXX} • Basic Law, Grundgezetz • “Leidkultur” vs “Leitkultur”

  8. Application and Recommendation • Court cases from the Bundesgerichtshof • Effects on International Politics • Germany and Israel • Speech and discussion about the past • Effects on moderns issues?

  9. What is Germany? • Germany as a nation has had problems identifying their "leading culture" since it's inception.  • This constant questioning has led to the concept of "The German Question" which essentially asks "What is Germany?”  • Now that Germany has recently identified itself as an Immigrant Country, this question has yet again become relevant. 

  10. The Immigrant Act of 2005 • In 2005, The Federal Republic of Germany released the Immigrant Act of 2005.  • Integration courses and tests contained racially charged questions that went against the Grundgesetz. • The Immigrant Act of 2005 only created more barriers and in that that German Government is clearly sticking to a National Conception of Cultural Policy. 

  11. National Integration Plan • In 2007 the German Government released the National Integration Plan.  • To achieve cooperation, the Turks need to feel comfortable participating in their own public space.  • Ultimately this participation should lead to more political representation, which will hopefully give way to political equality so that  these breaches of German Basic Law will come to a halt. 

  12. Media Policy: the EU • The guiding documents of the EU specifically encourage and support the creation and dissemination of cultural works, including the Audiovisual sector. • The 2010 Audiovisual Media Services directive (AVMSD 2010) lays out that each member state bears primary responsibility for their own cultural policies. • The MEDIA program (1991-ongoing) is intended to supplement the AV aid and development programs in each member state.

  13. Problems • MEDIA is criticized as being too commercially-focused at times. • Small filmmakers and artists have concerns that only larger, more mainstream projects will be funded. • The rules of collaborative/cross-national productions make single-nationality productions more attractive at times, making a "Pan-European" cultural program difficult to attain.

  14. Thank you!

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