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Macro-scale Simulation of Dynamic Rupture and Wave Propagation

This working group will discuss innovations in dynamic and kinematic modeling of seismic events, including topics such as earthquakes on heterogeneous faults, estimation of dynamic rupture parameters, seismic energy computation, and simulations of seismic wave propagation. Oral presentations and poster presentations will be given.

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Macro-scale Simulation of Dynamic Rupture and Wave Propagation

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  1. Thursday May 9 8:30 am-noon Working Group 4 Convenors: Olsen, Igel, Furumura Macro-scale Simulation Dynamic Rupture and Wave Propagation Innovations in Dynamic and Kinematic Modeling

  2. Oral Presentations (WG 4): 8:30 am Introduction (Olsen) 8:35 am Earthquakes on Heterogeneous Faults (Harris) 8:50 am On the Estimation of Dynamic Rupture Parameters (Olsen) 9:10 am Seismic Energy Computed from Dynamic Models (Archuleta/Favreau) 9:30 am FE Simulations of Seismic Wave Propagation with a Voxel Grid (Koketsu/Ikegami) 9:45 am The Deformations and Fractures for Granite Block of Y-Mode With En Echelon Fault During Biaxial Compression (Xu/Yang/Zhao/Chen) 10:00 am Break 10:20 am Guided Waves from Sources Outside Faults: An Indication for Shallow Fault Zone Structure? (Igel/Fohrmann/Jahnke/BenZion) 10:40 am Update on SE Code Development and Applications: SE Simulations of Earthquakes at Global and Regional Scales (Komatitsch/Tromp/Shaw) 11:00 am Parallel 3D Simulation of Seismic Wave Propagation: Observations and Simulations (Furumura) 11:20 am The PEER/SCEC Wave Propagation Code Validation Exercise (Day) 11:40 am Panel Discussion Noon Lunch

  3. Poster Presentations (WG 4): Modeling of Strong Ground Motions Observed for the 9/10/95 M8 Jalisco (Mexico) Earthquake (Chavez & Olsen) Stress-Breakdown Time and Critical Weakening Slip Inferred From Slip Velocity Functions on Earthquake Faults (Mikumo, Fukuyama, Olsen & Yagi) 3D Rendering of Earthquake Simulations (Olsen) Dynamic Rupture Simulation on Geologically Constrained Segments of the Uemachi Fault, Osaka, Japan (Kase, Sekiguchi, Horikawa, Satake & Sugiyama)

  4. On The Estimation of Dynamic Rupture Parameters Kim OlsenICS – UCSB S. Peyrat, T. Mikumo, E, Fukuyama, and R. Madariaga 3rd ACES Meeting Maui, May 9 2002

  5. Slip-weakening Distance ? Characteristic Length ? Yield Stress ? Fracture Energy ? k ? Initial Stress ? Strain Energy ? Velocity-weakening Distance ?

  6. Slip-weakening Rupture Model

  7. Friction - Strength – StressPossible to Estimate Separately ?

  8. Three Equivalent Dynamic Rupture Models

  9. Comparison of DynamicRupture Propagation

  10. Accelerograms Versus Synthetic Ground MotionFrom Inversion ofDynamic Rupture

  11. GPS Surface Slip InSAR

  12. FrictionPossible to Estimate Directly ?

  13. Mikumo, Fukuyama, Olsen & Yagi (2002): Slip(Tpv) ~ Dc Dc ~ Tpv Tb

  14. Mikumo, Fukuyama, Olsen & Yagi (2002): Slip(Tpv) ~ Dc Tb

  15. Displacement (Tpv) ~ Dc Near Fault ?? Displacement (~slip?) Dc? Velocity (~sliprate?) Tpv

  16. Homogeneous Initial Stress: Vertical Fault, Surface Rupture (Dc=20 cm) Dc’=10 cm Dc’=10 cm

  17. More Complex Models… (Dc=20 cm) Dc’=10 cm Dc’=10 cm Dc’=10 cm

  18. 2000 Mw 6.6 Tottori Earthquake ∆ ∆

  19. TTRH02 & GSH: Dc’~25-40 cm

  20. Lucerne Valley from 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers Dc’~ 40 cm

  21. Rupture PropagationPossible to Characterize bya Single Parameter ?

  22. Critical Rupture Propagation

  23. Rupture Bifurcation

  24. Fracture Energy Versus Strain Energy

  25. Rupture BifurcationTe2 Lk = m Tu Dck < kc no rupturekc < k < 1.5 kc Vr < Vsk > 1.5 kc Vr > Vs

  26. Summary Accelerograms constrain rupture propagation, fracture energy, but not Dc, Te, Tu, through waveform modeling Measurement of Dc from near-fault strong motion data within factor of 2 Non-dimensional number k characterizes rupture propagation

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