Layout Planning

1. Layout Planning Section 9.2

2. Physical Layout • Layout- a floor plan or map that shows the arrangement of a business • A well-planned layout can mean a more efficient operation, a more appealing sales floor, and greater customer convenience. A poorly planned layout can mean just the opposite.

3. 6 Basic Steps to Layout Planning • Define the objectives of the facility. • Identify the primary and supporting activities that will take place in the facility. • Determine the interrelationships-access, arrangement, and flow-between the activities. • Determine the space requirements for all activities. • Design alternative layouts for the facility. • Evaluate the various layouts and choose one.

4. Manufacturing Businesses • What to Consider: • Production Processes • Production sequence • Materials flow • Control • Environmental needs • Space Requirements Textbook p189

5. Manufacturing Businesses….. • Types of Layouts • Product Layout: all machines and supporting activities are arranged along a product flow line. As products come down the line, something is done with them at each workstation. Workstation: an area with equipment for a single worker

6. Manufacturing Businesses… • Types of layouts continued • Fixed-product layout: is used when the product is too heavy or bulky to be moved around the plant -Parts are brought to the job and workers come to the product. Example- Airplane

7. Manufacturing Businesses…. • Types of Layouts continued • Process layout: involves the grouping of machines and equipment by function. Example-machines that perform welding functions are placed in one area and sanding machines are placed in another area. Products are then moved from one area to another. -This setup is good for producing small quantities of goods.

8. Retail Businesses • What to Consider: • Products to be sold • Projected clientele • Sales per square foot of selling space • Sales value of area within store • Product coordination • Aisle exposure p191

9. Retail Businesses • Types of Layouts: • Right-Angle Grid • Open Layout • Enclosed Layout • Landscaped Layout Textbook p192

10. Wholesale Businesses • What to consider: • Store popular items near shipping points to minimize in-house travel distances. • Store together those items that were received together and that will be shipped together. • Provide for a variety of sizes of storage space. • Assign storage space on the basis of ease of handling and popularity items.

11. Wholesale Businesses • Exceptions to the Guidelines 1-Conserve space wherever possible 2-Observe limitations on space, such as ceilings, sprinklers, and safe stacking heights 3-Use adjustable racks and shelves where possible to accommodate changing needs. 4-Plan entrances, exits, and aisles so products can be easily reached.

12. Wholesale Businesses • Types of Layouts • Usually housed in single-story buildings • Areas should be arranged so goods can be moved through them quickly and easily.

13. Other Types of Businesses • Service Businesses- Layout depends largely on the specific service it provides. • Extraction Businesses- have unique layouts, must adapt to the particular environment in which the extraction operation takes place. Examples: Farm, Fishing Operation • E-Businesses- layout of operations area depends on how computers, phones, equipment and storage are adapted to the workplace.

14. Finishing Touches • Planning interior design features • Improving the facade or face of the building • Determine minimum office space needed • Space for equipment, furnishings, and supplies

15. Planning for Office Space • Two Options: • Open Layout • Closed Layout • Appointments are the furniture, equipment, and accessories, such as planters and fish tanks p195