Electrosorption of Metal ions from Aquebous Solutions

2. Electrosorption of Metal ions from Aquebous Solutions S. Yiacoumi , T.-Y. Ying, and K.-L. Yang School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0512 NTHU MSCL Adviser: C. H. Liu C. He Yeh

3. Outline • Introduction & Background • Principle & Experiment • Conclusion • Further Application

4. Introduction & Background • Ion exchange • Evaporation (thermal) • Electrodialysis • Reverse osmosis • Porous electrodes • Electrodeposited • Electrosorption

5. Principle & Experiment • Electrosorption • Surface area (monolayer but large area) • Regeneration efficiency • Less energy consume, low cost • Requirement • high surface area • low electrical resistance • good polarizability • no participation

6. Principle & Experiment • Carbon aerogel • Highly porous, High surface area(400~1000m2/g) • Low R( ≤40 m Ω) • Controllable pore size (Na+,K+<2nm, 2~50nm) • Important electrosorption parameters • pore size (available surface area) • Capacitance (electrosorption per unit area ) Using carbon aerogel as electrodes

7. Principle & Experiment • Mechanism on porous electrode • Electrical • Chemical • Groundwater and Wastewater treatment • Inorganic • Radionuclide • Metal ions • Anions

8. TEM / Carbon aerogel Principle & Experiment • NaF, NaCl (chemisorption is insignificant)

9. Principle & Experiment

10. Principle & Experiment

11. Conclusion • Electrosorption is an ideal process for removing ions from aqueous solutions • Capability increases • Increase of the initial solution concentration • Increase of applied voltage • Properties of the electrodes

12. Further Application • Capacitive Deionization of NaCl Solution using Four-Series Cells with Carbon Aerogel Composite Electrodes

13. Further Application • Separation of Metal Ions from Liquid Waste (uranium)

14. Further Application • Secondary DEP buffer/de-ion preparation • Whole blood DEP preparation • Carbon aerogel as a scaffold

15. Further Application • Secondary DEP buffer/de-ion preparation • Whole blood DEP preparation • Carbon aerogel as a scaffold

16. Reference • "Carbon Aerogel Electrodes: Adsorption-Desorption and Regeneration Study for Purification of Water" Sanjay Tewari • "ELECTROSORPTION OF METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS" S. Yiacoumi , T.-Y. Ying, and K.-L. Yang School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0512 • "Removal of Ni and Cu ions from aqueous solutions by means of a hybrid electrosorption/electrodialysis process" VD Grebenyuk1, NA Linkov2 and VM Linkov2* 1 Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry, Ukranian National Academy of Sciences, Kiev-142, Ukraine 2 Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa

17. Reference • "Separation of Metal Ions from Liquid Waste" Dr. G. Glasgow; glasgow@apsci.com; 937-766-2020 Applied Sciences, Inc. PO Box 579 Cedarville, OH 45314 E. Kennel: ekennel@apsci.com; 937-766-2020 Applied Sciences, Inc. PO Box 579 Cedarville, OH 45314 Dr. J. Zondlo; Zondlo@cmer.wvu.edu; 304-293-2111 Department of Chemical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown, WV 26506 S. Stover; Sstover299@aol.com; 304-293-2111 Department of Chemical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown, WV 26506

18. Reference • "Capacitive Deionization of NaCl Solution using Four-Series Cells with Carbon Aerogel Composite Electrodes" Chun-Mo Yang a,*, Gi Taek Lee a, Byung-Ki Na c, Dong Jin Suh b, Byung Won Cho a, and Won Il Cho a a Eco - Nano Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea b Clean Technology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea c Division of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea