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Unit Eight

Unit Eight. Assignment. Exercises to Passage A. Comprehension of the Text. Ex. II. Answer the following questions. Vocabulary. Ex. III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

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Unit Eight

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  1. UnitEight Assignment

  2. Exercises to Passage A Comprehension of the Text Ex. II. Answer the following questions. Vocabulary Ex. III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Ex. IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in parentheses. Word Building Ex. V. Some suffixes are used to form adjectives. Study the examples given below and then write the adjective formed from each of the following words. Make changes in spelling where necessary.

  3. Exercises to Passage A Word Building Ex. VI. Now complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word given in brackets, using either the suffix –ly or the suffix –ward(s) depending on the context. Structure Ex. VII. Rewrite the following sentences after the model, emphasizing the italicized parts by putting them at the beginning of the sentence. Ex. VIII. Combine the following sentences using the conjunction while. Translation Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English.

  4. Exercises to Passage A Essay Summary Ex. XI. Choose the best one of the three answers given to fill in each blank. Text Structure Analysis Ex. XII. Now have a look at Paragraphs 5 to 7 to find out how young people are becoming more consumeristic. Structured Writing Ex. XIII. Now try to write your own paragraph, which starts with an argument or a focus point, and which is followed by facts or reasons.

  5. Section A There’s a Lot More to Life than a Job Section B What Youngsters Expect in Life Section C What Life Is like When Out of Work

  6. Unit Eight • There’s a Lot More to Life than a Job

  7. Comprehension of the TextEx. II. Answer the following questions. 1. What is the conclusion drawn from the survey based on the responses from over 188, 000 students? Today’s college beginners are more consumeristic and less idealistic than at any time in the seventeen years of the poll. 2. What do students think about the importance of developing a meaningful philosophy of life? It is less important than being financially well off or successful.

  8. Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 3. What do most people between 30 and 50 finally become aware of? Work is not the only thing they live for, and they are meant to do more. 4. According to the text, what is the duty of educational institutions? To help students become aware of the meaning of life earlier.

  9. Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 5. What does education teach us to see? Education teaches us to see the connection between things as well as see beyond our immediate needs. 6. How can we improve our moral sense? We can improve our moral sense by acquiring knowledge accumulated throughout the ages.

  10. Ex. II. Answer the following questions. 7. What is the implication of the cartoon mentioned in the text? Without proper education, it will be more and more difficult for people to develop their moral sense. 8. What is the writer’s hope for education? He hopes educators will not only prepare students for a career but also help them realize that there is a lot more to life than a job.

  11. formal accumulate contribute preferable puzzle confine weekly according incredible salary render classical VocabularyEx. III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. render 1. He is always ready to _______ help to others, so he is the most respectable person in the neighborhood. 2.He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his ___________ to world peace. contribution

  12. formal accumulate contribute preferable puzzle confine weekly according incredible salary render classical Ex. III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 3. The young husband and wife go to the market every Friday to do their _______ shopping. 4.Single lines of plants are___________ to double rows for ease of weeding and hoeing (锄整). weekly preferable

  13. formal accumulate contribute preferable puzzle confine weekly according incredible salary render classical Ex. III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 5. My possessions, my talents, my desires, my friends, my knowledge, my ____________ belongings—all of them belong to you. 6.How ___________ ! The male student who seldom attends class has got the highest mark this time. accumulated incredible

  14. formal accumulate contribute preferable puzzle confine weekly according incredible salary render classical Ex. III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 7. It is very important to _______ your speech to the subject. 8.The young man worked hard to get an increase in ___________. confine salary

  15. Ex. IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in parentheses. • 1. The 12-year-old boy’s goal is to become a specialist in Western history in the future. (specialize in) • 2. It is unnecessary to worry a lot. In fact, things will get better over a long period in the future. (in the long run) The 12-year-old boy’s goal is to specialize in Western history in the future. It is unnecessary to worry a lot. In fact, things will get better in the long run.

  16. Ex. IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in parentheses. • 3. The little girl likes her dog so much that she gives it a piece of chocolate every day. (be fond of) • 4. I smiled a smile that was supposed to signify interest in this excursion, but Carla was far too intelligent to believe it showed anything of the sort. (mean to) The little girl was so fond of her dog that she gives it a piece of chocolate every day. I smiled a smile that was meant to signify interest in this excursion, but Carla was far too intelligent to believe it showed anything of the sort.

  17. Ex. IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in parentheses. 5. Just think what would happen if every single woman was engaged in a strike and refused to do housework. (go on strike) 6. But a nation now showing so much pride of its right to freedom of speech could not protect British institutions from criticism. (proud of) Just think what would happen if every single woman went on strike and refused to do housework. But a nation so proud of its right to freedom of speech could not protect British institutions from criticism.

  18. Ex. IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in parentheses. 7. More and more students want to be enrolled in engineering courses. (be way up) 8. If we want to arrive there in time, we have to travel both by night and by day. (as well as) The number of students who want to be enrolled in engineering courses is way up. If we want to arrive there in time, we have to travel both by night as well as by day.

  19. Back Word Building Some suffixes are used to form adjectives. Study the examples given below and then write the adjective formed from each of the following words. Make changes in spelling where necessary. Examples: 下一页 上一页

  20. Back Word Building weekly active worldly costly secondly leisurely earthly customary protective progressive sickly momentary orderly manly 下一页 上一页

  21. Back Word Building The suffix –ly is added to adjectives to form adverbs with the meaning of in a… manner. For example. happy + -ly — happily: in a happy manner strange + -ly — strangely: in a strange manner The suffix –wards is added to nouns or prepositions to form adverbs with the meaning of manner and direction of movement. For example. home + -ward(s) — homeward(s): towards home out + -ward(s) — outward(s): towards the outside 下一页 上一页

  22. Back Word Building Ex. VI.Now complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word given in brackets, using either the suffix –ly or the suffix –ward(s) dependingon the context. 1. I walked ___________ down the stairs, carrying the heavy box with my brother. (back) backward(s) 2. He often comes here, but _________ enough, I have never met him. (strange) strangely 3. The door opens __________ into the huge garden in front of the house. (out) outward(s) 下一页 上一页

  23. Back Word Building 4. He worked so hard that _________ he made himself ill. (eventual) eventually 5. Night was falling as John left his office and drove ____________. (home) homeward(s) 6. The family has lived in this country for many years, but _________ they came from France. (original) originally 下一页 上一页

  24. Back Word Building 7. If you think you can get money from him you are _____ mistaken; he never lends anything to anyone. (sad) sadly 8. They screamed when the walls fell ________. (in) inward(s) 下一页 上一页

  25. StructureEx. VII. Rewrite the following sentences after the model, emphasizing the italicized parts by putting them at the beginning of the sentence. Model:Developing a meaningful philosophy of life is less important than ever. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. 1. They will give up the plan on no account. 2. He knows little how much his parents love him. On no account will they give up the plan. Little does he know how much his parents love him.

  26. Structure 3. He did not realize what a serous mistake he had made until he read the report. 4. The poor old man could hardly fall asleep with a pain in his leg. 5. We will give in to their demands under no conditions. Not until he read the report did he realize what a serious mistake he had made. Hardly could the poor old man fall asleep with a pain in his leg. Under no conditions will we give in to their demands.

  27. StructureEx. VIII. Combine the following sentences using the conjunction while. • 1. I agree it is a tough problem. I don’t think it cannot be solved. • 2. Sara cannot come to help us. She will give us some suggestions. While I agree it is a tough problem, I don’t think it cannot be solved. While Sara cannot come to help us, she will give us some suggestions.

  28. Ex. VIII. Combine the following sentences using the conjunction while. 3. People admit pollution is very serious. Few are willing to take any measures. 4. It’s raining hard now. It will clear up anytime. 5. It is true we need money badly. We cannot steal it. While people admit pollution is very serious, few are willing to take any measures. While it’s raining hard now, it will clear up anytime. While it is true we need money badly, we cannot steal it.

  29. Ex. VIII. Combine the following sentences using the conjunction while. 5. It is true we need money badly. We cannot steal it. While it is true we need money badly, we cannot steal it.

  30. TranslationEx. IX. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 他给了我一些建议，同时还给了我一笔钱让我开个小公司。所以现在我也想用积累的钱给别人提供一些帮助。 as well as render help to As well as some advice, he gave me a certain amount of money to start a small business. So now I want to render help to others with the money I have accumulated.

  31. Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English. 2. 从一项非正式的民意调查来看，大多数人希望缩短工作时间，因为他们意识到除了工作，生活中还有许多别的东西。 informal poll there is a lot more to life According to an informal poll, most people hope the working hours will be reduced, because they’ve realized that there is a lot more to life than a job.

  32. Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English. 3. 这些艺术家把一生都献给了艺术，为艺术事业做出了巨大的贡献。 the artistic field make great contributions to These artists devoted all their lives to art and made great contributions to the artistic field.

  33. Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English. 4. 在每周例会上，每个人的发言都不能离开会议议题。 confine…to weekly meeting At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine his remarks to the subject.

  34. Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English. 5. 要是我没说那些愚蠢的话该多好！那时我太年轻，不能明辨是非。 distinguish right from wrong If only I hadn’t… If only I hadn’t said those silly words! I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.

  35. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. The survey revealed what I had already suspected from informal polls of students both in Macon and at the Robins Resident Center: if it (whatever it may be) won’t compute and you can’t drink it, smoke it or spend it, then “it” holds little value. 没有经济意义 毫无价值 这份调查报告揭示了我根据在梅肯和罗宾斯学生寄宿中心对学生进行的非正式民意调查所得出的结果：学生们认为如果某种东西（不管它是何物）没有实际的经济意义，你不能把它当酒喝、当烟抽、当钱花，那么“它”就简直毫无价值。

  36. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 2. Interest in teaching, social service and the humanities is at a low, along with ethnic and women’s studies. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. 处于低潮 迅速增加 如今人们对当教师、社会服务和人文学科、还有种族和妇女研究的兴趣都处于低潮。另一方面，攻读商科、工程学及计算机科学的学生人数却在迅速增加。

  37. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 3. But why can’t we have it both ways? Can’t we educate people for life as well as for a career? 同时；也 但是我们为什么不能做到两全其美呢！我们能不能教会人们既懂得谋生，又懂得成就一番事业？

  38. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 4. This is where age and maturity enter. Most people, somewhere between the ages of 30 and 50, finally arrive at the inevitable conclusion that they were meant to do more than serve a corporation, a government agency, or whatever. 得出必然的结论 应该 这就是年龄和成熟的真谛。大多数年龄约在30-50岁之间的人会最终得出一个必然的结论，即他们不应该仅仅是为某个公司、某个政府机构或任何其他单位服务。

  39. Ex. X. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 5. Let’s hope our educators answer students’ cries for career education, but at the same time let’s ensure that students are prepared for the day when they realize their shortsightedness. 与此同时 渴求 我们希望我们的教育工作者能满足学生对职业教育的渴求，但与此同时，我们也要确保学生能为他们认识到自己目光短浅的那一天做好准备。

  40. Essay SummaryEx. XI. Choose the best one of the three answers given to fill in each blank. 1. A wasted B. gone C. lost 2. A. besides B. in addition C. at least 3. A. center B. middle C. central 4. A. backward B. back C. backly 5. A. would B. should C. can 6. A. harder B. hardly C. hard 7. A. art B. artistic C. artistically 8. A. take B. cost C. spend 9. A. formal B. moral C. immoral 10. A. specialized B. specialist in C. specialized in 11. A. but B. furthermore C. and 12. A. learn B. know C. understand 13. A. every B. a few C. many 14. A. proud B. proudly C. pride 1 • I have always felt that youth is ___ on • the young. Well, ___ I have felt that way • since I passed ___ age! If only I could • go ___ to college now! I ___ work ___ • to learn a foreign language. I would • take ___ things more seriously. I would • ___ more energy to develop my ___ • sense. I would even study harder in the • field I ___. Of course I can’t go back, • ___ I hope you can ___ from my • experience. Your generation enjoys an • incredible amount of knowledge in ___ • field. Stand ___ on the contributions • made by others! 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

  41. Essay SummaryEx. XI. Choose the best one of the three answers given to fill in each blank. • As you study ___ wisdom of others, • learn ___ to think. Then use your • strength to build a ___ world for the • next generation. In the ___ run you will • find that this way of ___ can help you • become well off ___ happy. 15 15. A. the B. a C. those 16. A. when B. whether C. how 17. A. good B. better C. best 18. A. long B. big C. great 19. A. standing B. thinking C. learning 20. A. as well as B. instead of C. besides 16 17 18 19 20

  42. Text Structure AnalysisEx. XII. Now have a look at Paragraph 5 to 7 to find out how young people are becoming more consumeristic. Not surprising in these hard times, the students’ major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Para. 5-7 Interest in teaching, social service and the humanities is at a low, along with ethnic and women’s studies. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of college instructors during her first year on the job – even before she completed her two-year associate degree.

  43. Text Structure AnalysisEx. XII. Now have a look at Paragraph 5 to 7 to find out how young people are becoming more consumeristic. The main part of Paragraph 5 puts forward an argument: Developing a meaningful philosophy of life is less important than ever. Facts to support the argument: Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Interest in teaching, social service and the humanities is at a low, along with ethnic and women’s studies. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. Facts to support the argument: A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of college instructors during her first year on the job – even before she completed her two-year associate degree.

  44. Structured WritingEx. XIII. Now try to write your own paragraph, which starts with an argument or a focus point, and which is followed by facts or reasons. You may choose one of the following topics. One of the topics has a detailed outline that you can follow if you choose. Outline: The Way Materialized Youngsters See Value An argument: a sad tendency, youngsters, more and more materialized; unfortunately, conventional wisdom, value of life, incredible, foolish Supporting fact: everything, calculate, in terms of money; anything, not, drink/smoke/spend/hold, no value >>>For Reference

  45. Structured WritingEx. XIII. Now try to write your own paragraph, which starts with an argument or a focus point, and which is followed by facts or reasons. You may choose one of the following topics. One of the topics has a detailed outline that you can follow if you choose. • There has been a sad tendency among youngsters who are becoming more and more materialized. Unfortunately, the conventional wisdom about the value of life seems incredible or even foolish to them. Everything is calculated in terms of money. Anything that you can’t drink, smoke, spend or hold had little value at all.

  46. Exercises to Passage B Comprehension of the Text Ex. XV. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the reading text. Vocabulary Ex. XVI. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words from the text that best keep the original meaning. Ex.XVII. Rescue these sentences! An underachieving student wrote the sentences below, trying to use an expression from the text in each one—but he got all the prepositions mixed up. Correct all the sentences, using expressions from the text, then put a definition, synonym or translation of the corrected expression in the space provided.

  47. Ex. XV. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the reading text : T 1. In the 1950s and 1960s, there was a steady growth in the U.S. economy. F 2. In good old days, all people chose to have a nice comfortable career in a salaried job. T 3. It has now become impossible for most Americans to hold a long-term salaried job.

  48. Ex. XV. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the reading text : F 4. All American young men know what they are going to do in the future. T 5. Young Americans who can’t find a position in society feel angry about their future. F 6. According to the text, this is a pregnant moment only for major industrial economies.

  49. Ex. XV. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the reading text : F 7. Now we are at a moment in history when no great changes take place in our lives. F 8. People have got used to being without a job and to getting lower pay, so they will not feel more and more anxious as they read periodicals about the economy.

  50. EX. XVI. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with words from the text that best keep the original meaning. 1. Why don’t you get rid of these unnecessary words? It will make your article much better. 2. She showed no sign of happiness after she heard the good news. 3. This point is implied, not clearly stated. eliminate displayed implicit

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