1 / 33

Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration, c. 1750 to c. 1900

Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration, c. 1750 to c. 1900. Industrial Revolution . 1700 ’ s First inventions (steam engine, textiles) Movement of people to cities Small scale machines; more goods made with machines 1800 ’ s Industrialization spreads to US Factories

teneil
Download Presentation

Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration, c. 1750 to c. 1900

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration,c. 1750 to c. 1900

  2. Industrial Revolution • 1700’s • First inventions (steam engine, textiles) • Movement of people to cities • Small scale machines; more goods made with machines • 1800’s • Industrialization spreads to US • Factories • Rapid urbanization; population growth • Rise of slavery • Growth of middle class • Developments in transportation and communication • Organization of workers

  3. 1900’s • Reform movements • Decline of child labor • Limits on big business • Industrialization spreads to Japan, Russia

  4. I. Factors leading to the rise of Industrialism • Europe’s location on the Atlantic Ocean • The geographical distribution of coal, iron and timber • European demographic changes • Urbanization • Improved agricultural productivity • Legal protection of private property • An abundance of rivers and canals • Access to foreign resources • The accumulation of capital

  5. II. Industrialization • Developments • Machines • Use of coal and oil as fuel • Factory system • Expansion of financial systems • Major developments in transportation and communication • Railroads • Steamships • Telegraphs • Canals

  6. III. Long Term Industrialization • Capitalism • Formation of labor unions • Reform movements • Spread to other areas in the world • Changes in society • Demographic changes • Family changes

  7. Political Revolutions • American Revolution • Mid-1700’s British colonies were economically prosperous • A series of wars and taxes caused boycotts and protests in the colonies • “No taxation without representation”- influenced by Enlightenment ideas • 1776 Declaration of Independence • Author Thomas Jefferson • Influenced by John Locke • Consent of the governed and individual freedom

  8. Effects • Introduced modern democracy • US Constitution • US Bill of Rights • Declaration of Independence • Encouraged other revolutions • French • Haiti • Latin America • Vietnam

  9. B. French Revolution • Inspired by the American Revolution • More radical in scope, and ideals • Goal: Replace “old order” and absolute monarch with new cultural, social and political structures • Immediate causes: Financial crisis, inequalities between social classes (estates)

  10. Events • Many “paper victories” • Declaration of the Rights of Man (equality of all men) • Abolished privileges of 1st and 2nd estates • Limited constitutional monarchy • Reign of Terror-use of Guillotine to kill traitors, royal family

  11. Reign of Napoleon • Brought war to Europe • Effects of Napoleon • Unseated monarchs in Spain and Portugal • Led to uprisings in their Latin American colonies • Congress of Vienna/Concert of Europe • Alliance of European monarchs • Kept peace for 100 years • United front against uprisings inspired by Enlightenment

  12. Changes-1750’s-1800’s • Social and economic • Creation of a middle class • Education • Feminist movements • Capitalism • Alternatives to capitalism-Karl Marx and socialism • Growth of cities • Political • Creation of US • US Constitution • Upheavals in Europe • Unifications of Germany and Italy

  13. Key Concept 5.2Imperialism and nation state formation • Imperialism • Quest for overseas empires • Partially a result of the Industrial Revolution • Improvements in transportation and use of machines caused increased demands for raw materials • Reasons • Economic benefits • Show of power and wealth • Gaining raw materials (rubber, cotton, tin) to be sent back to factories

  14. Colonialism • Sending colonists to new lands • Dominating the social, political, economic and social structure • North and South America: settler colonies established by Europe • Economic Colonies: India and southeast Asia (much smaller amounts of colonists) Instead, businessmen and government officials developed polices to benefit the mother country

  15. Creation of transoceanic empires and colonies • British Empire • Britain in India • Belgium in Congo • British Empire Africa, Australia • South America

  16. Societies at Crossroads A. Ottoman Empire • Territory declined in the 17th and 18th centuries • Nationalist movements in Greece and Serbia (1840) • Muhammad Ali took control of Egypt after reign of Napoleon (began process of Industrialization, cotton as an export) • Increase in European trade in the Mediterranean world caused Ottoman trade to decline • 1882- Grew dependent on European loans • 1900 Difficulty controlling government; forced to decrease wages for government officials while raising taxes on the peasants • Reforms: • Mahmud II • Tanzimat Reforms • Sultan Hamid II • Young Turks

  17. B. Qing China

  18. C. Russia • Russian tsars ruled as autocrats (absolute monarchs); supported by the church and nobility (who were exempt from taxes and military service) • Peasants were the bulk of the population-most were serfs • 1861 Alexander II: abolished serfdom. Serfs were given no political rights and were taxed on the land • Economic reform to modernize military • Attempts at industrialization brought factories but poor working conditions

  19. 5.3 Nationalism, Revolution and Reform • Growing Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements • Boxer Rebellion • Taiping Rebellion • Self-Strengthing Movement

  20. Nationalism, Revolution and Reform • Colonial Resistance to Imperialism • Taiping Rebellion • Ghost Dance • Xhosa Cattle Kiling

  21. Revolution and Reform • Revolution in Haiti • 1790; slave plantation • Latin American Independence Movements • Simon Bolivar • Defeated Spanish forces in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador then Peru

  22. Global Migration 1750-1900 • Middle of 18th Century, population of Europe increased dramatically • End of epidemic diseases • Improved diets • Decline in infant mortality • Higher birth rate • Migration pattern- West • Migration from country to city (industrialism) • Middle class away from city to emerging suburbs

  23. Non-Western World • Latin American population doubled in the 19th century • Japan-improvements in nutrition and medical care • China, Japan and Latin America-strain on natural resources • Environmental concerns: pollution, industrial waste

  24. Patterns of migration and immigration • Settler colonies- brought Europeans and indigenous peoples in America’s, Africa, Pacific, SE Asia • Maoris of New Zealand and native Hawaiians lost over half of their population to diseases • Decrease in population led to a need for workers, caused migration from China and Japan to Hawaii

More Related