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A Preliminary Carbon Budget for the Gulf of Mexico

A Preliminary Carbon Budget for the Gulf of Mexico . Paula G Coble, Lisa L Robbins, Kendra L Daly, Wei-Jun Cai, Katja Fennel, Steven E Lohrenz . Fluxes of interest. Interfacial fluxes:. Inputs from land of DOC, POC, and DIC Air-sea: Exchange of CO 2 , rainwater DOC

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A Preliminary Carbon Budget for the Gulf of Mexico

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  1. A Preliminary Carbon Budget for the Gulf of Mexico Paula G Coble, Lisa L Robbins, Kendra L Daly, Wei-Jun Cai, Katja Fennel, Steven E Lohrenz 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  2. Fluxes of interest Interfacial fluxes: • Inputs from land of DOC, POC, and DIC • Air-sea: Exchange of CO2, rainwater DOC • Sedimentary fluxes: POC deposition, DOC & DIC exchange, benthic productivity, groundwater, hydrocarbon seeps • Shelf-break exchange: DIC, DOC, POC Internal fluxes: • Primary production • Respiration • Net community production

  3. Plant Biomass Distribution

  4. Semi-enclosed basin with major terrestrial inputs • Basin covers 40% US, 40% Mexico

  5. Depth Areas 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  6. Data sources • Modeled rates – • Walsh et al. 1989 – water column fluxes • 2-layered physical, 21-layered biochemical model • 3 coastal areas, open gulf, and plume values calculated • Wanninkhof – air-sea flux • Measured rates • Primary productivity, sediment trap fluxes, sediment community oxygen consumption (Rowe) • Fluxes – rates times depth interval areas 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  7. Key for describing level of uncertainty Low Medium High

  8. Water column primary production *f = 0.10 (global areal mean = 144 g C m-2 yr-1) 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  9. Primary Productivity 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  10. Export from upper layer 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  11. Sediment-water interface (1012 g C yr-1) 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010 *50:1 C:chla

  12. Input from land (1012g C yr-1) 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  13. Air-sea flux data 2008 R/V Gunter cruises 2009 USGS cruises Wanninkhof 2009 Robbins, unpub. 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  14. GulfCarbon: A Comprehensive Study of Carbon Dynamics in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Steven E. Lohrenz, Wei-Jun Cai, Kevin Martin, Sumit Chakraborty, Sarah Epps, Kjell Gundersen, Wei-Jen Huang, Yongchen Wang

  15. Preliminary Findings EPA survey cruises shown strong influence of freshwater inputs

  16. Satellite-derived pCO2 • Net sink inshore in June • Net source offshore source in Sep

  17. Air-sea flux • MR plume sink all year • Open water source only in late summer • pCO2 correlates with temperature flux pCO2 pCO2 flux North of 24°N = -11.8 Tg C yr-1 SSS SST SSS SST 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010 Wanninkhof 2009

  18. Air-sea flux • MR plume sink all year • Open water source only in late summer • pCO2 correlates with temperature pCO2 pCO2 flux flux North of 24°N = -11.8 Tg C yr-1 SSS SST SSS SST 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010 Wanninkhof 2009

  19. Air-to-sea CO2 fluxes Red numbers are sinks 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  20. Other fluxes - Hypoxia 21 – 28 July 2007 Hypoxia (N. Rabalais, LUMCON)

  21. Other fluxes - Crude oil 1000 – 2000 barrels/d = 0.04 – 0.08 Tg C/yr DWH spill total 2.24-4.48 M barrels = 024 – 0.49 Tg C Thanks to C. Hu

  22. Other fluxes - Volatile HC seeps chemotrophic bacterial carbonate pavements Thanks to V. Asper

  23. Shelf-wide budget (1012 g C yr-1) DOC in rain Land Atmosphere CO2 17.7 DIC & TOC 43.5 Prim. Prod. 336 Groundwater ??? DOC Resp.? Export Prod. 21.7 Benthic algae 22 POC 5.92 DIC? POC? Water column Sediments Open Ocean DOC DIC 0.81 DWH oil spill Thanks to R. Najjar 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

  24. Conclusions • Many rates missing • Some not available, some still under construction • Need data from southern GMx • Unknown availability • Need DIC and DOC internal flux data • Potentially can be modeled from existing concentration data • Need data for fluxes GMx – Caribbean • Potentially can be modeled from existing concentration data 2010 Ocean Sciences Portland, OR Feb. 26,2010

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