How the US checks for invalid ID’s and missing cross references

1. How the US checks for invalid ID’s and missing cross references

2. US goals in processing Interbull ID’s and pedigree • Detect aliases • Exclude invalid IDs from database • Enable integration of Interbull and domestic data • Obtain pedigree on bulls used in USA

3. How aliases are detected • Find existing animals with same sire, dam, birth date • Similar names • Existing and new animal not coded twin or ET • Different parent ID in later progeny pedigree • Only breed code or country code or leading digit(s) of ID differ

4. Aliases detected

5. How invalid ID’s are detected • CAN provides all valid ID’s – Used to correct country code • Detect similar ID 1 digit difference, and shifts – old ID replaced • USA or CAN ID not already present in domestic tables

6. Interbull data integrated with domestic data • Allows calculation of Net Merit for all bulls • Allows calculation of parent averages for use where evaluations are missing • Same edit checks applied to domestic and Interbull ID’s and pedigree

7. Processing Interbull pedigree • Pedigree and aliases stored in keyed access tables of just Interbull • Records from authoritative source added to domestic pedigree tables • Pedigree added for non-USA bulls with evaluations Web source if CAN or GBR • Table of primary Interbull ID’s maintained to identify international ID

8. Processing Pedigree 012 All Authenticated Interbull Pedigree USA Pedigree Evaluated

9. Resolving no pedigree USA, CAN, GBR bulls with evaluations • Attempt to determine correct ID • Use parent(s), birth date, name • Typical errors • Wrong breed • Missing/incorrect leading digits • Transpositions

10. Pedigree investigation tools • Display all progeny of parental pair • Display differences between new Interbull and stored pedigree • Display animals with name including a given string • List all animals with same 12 byte ID

11. All Progeny of parental pair • Progeny of Sire HOLUSAM000001650414 and Dam HOLUSAF000008905986 • Progeny ID Sex Birth MBC • ----------------- --- -------- --- • HOUSA000001861041 M 19810608 3 • HOUSA000010798606 F 19810608 3 • HOUSA000001861040 M 19810609 1 • HOUSA000010798605 F 19810610 3 • HOUSA000010798604 F 19810611 3 • HOUSA000001861039 M 19810612 3 • HOUSA000010798603 F 19810612 3 • HOUSA000010798602 F 19810715 3 • HOUSA000001861038 M 19810717 3 • HOUSA000001861037 M 19810725 3 • HOUSA000001872434 M 19810727 3

12. Same Number • Interbull IDs with last 12 bytes 000000001841 • HOLESTM000000001841 • HOLGBRM000000001841 • HOLIRLM000000001841 • HOLISRF000000001841

13. Normal edits • Match birth date with dam’s calving • Compare with other sources (e.g. breed association) • Investigate maternal sibs born within 9 mo (may assume ET) • ID’s within 100 with same sire, dam, and birth assumed to be twins

14. Normal edits cont. • Require reasonable intervals between birth dates of parents and progeny 18 mo to 18 yrs • Internal animal key assigned • All ID’s with same key are aliases • Preferred ID designated

15. Problems • Missing birth date of dams • Missing twin or ET designation • Breed codes not same on all occurrences of animal (Better in Feb) • IDs reported as invalid continue to be submitted • IJE Country code; FH0 breed code

16. Problems cont. • International ID not accepted by US industry for all bulls • Resistance to change bull ID once he has been marketed • More than 1 evaluation for bull because of missing cross reference or ID error • Retain one with highest reliability

17. Proposals • Provide birth dates of bull dams • Provide twin or ET designation • Prevent invalid ID’s from appearing in Interbull output files (i.e. reject records of such bulls) • Facilitate sharing of pedigree data between countries