Age of Absolute Monarchs

1. Age of Absolute Monarchs Mid 1600s-1700s By: Mr. Brady

2. Rest of Europe • Keep in mind that the Age of Absolute Monarchsis taking place right smack dabbey in the middle of the Scientific Revolution (1550-1700).

3. Age of Absolute Monarchs • Absolutism: is the belief that one ruler (typically a King) should hold all of the power in a country. • An Absolute Monarch: Wants to control ABSOLUTELY every aspect of his society • Taxes, Wars, Religion, Laws, Press, Literature, Art Why did I underline Absolut?

4. Divine Right of Kings Divine Right: The belief that God (the divine) gave the Kings the Right (power) to Rule. What are some negative and positive aspects of this doctrine? Egotistical Much?

5. Factors that allowed for Absolute Monarchs 1.) Disorder during Middle Ages 2.) After the Crusades (religious wars during the Middle Ages to restore Christianity back to Jerusalem) Europeans saw the East where Absolute Monarchies were common. 3.) The rise of countries during the Age of Exploration (1500-1600s) 4.) Decline in the Church caused by the Renaissance and Reformation (1400-1600s)

6. Effects of Absolute Monarchies • 1.) Rulers regulated religious worship and social gatherings to control the spread of ideas • 2.) Rulers increased the size of their courts to appear more powerful • 3.) Rulers created bureaucracies (government jobs) to control their countries’ economies • In essence, Absolute Monarchies controlled all aspects of society to maintain their power.

7. Best example of Absolute Monarchy: Louis XIV (14th) of France • King Louis 14th: (1643-1715) • Technically became King when he was 5 years old. • Took over France and essentially controlled all aspects of society. • Known as the “SUN KING”

8. Under Louis XIVs reign helped build The Palace of Versailles

9. First stage of the enlargement of the hunting lodge of Louis XIII (built in 1624) into the Palace at Versailles under Louis XIV (1668-9) by Louis LeVau; the black portions of the plan represent this stage.

10. The queen’s apartments

11. The bedroom of Louis XIV, site of the rituals called “Le Grand Lever” and “Le Grand Coucher.”

15. The fountains from a bird’s eye view of Versailles Park

18. La Salon de Guerre (Salon of War) was the prelude to the Hall of Mirrors. The relief portrait by Coysevox is based on…

20. The Hall of Mirrors: the axis between war and peace crosses the axis of absolute power.

22. The garden façade seen from the “Tapis vert” (green carpet) of the Versailles Park

23. The palace situated between the village of Versailles and the park with grand avenues radiating from the Court of Honor The principal approach connected with the Champs Elysees in Paris. The garden in detail reflects the geometry of the plan at the urban and regional scale.

24. The fountains with the main e-w axis in view. Naval battles were staged on the lagoon to the west of the sloping grass terrace

25. The fountains from a bird’s eye view of Versailles Park

26. The Ambassadors’ Staircase

27. The queen’s apartments

28. The bedroom of Louis XIV, site of the rituals called “Le Grand Lever” and “Le Grand Coucher.”

29. La Salon de Guerre (Salon of War) was the prelude to the Hall of Mirrors. The relief portrait by Coysevox is based on…

30. The Hall of Mirrors: the axis between war and peace crosses the axis of absolute power.

31. Absolute Monarchies Document Based Questions • 1.) In small groups (Mr. Brady will divide you) you will read the 5 documents about different Absolute Monarchs during the 1550s-1700s. • You will answer the corresponding questions on a separate sheet of paper. • After 8 minutes and 53 seconds, Mr. Brady will say switch and you will rotate the documents. • Do your best to answer all the questions. • We will discuss at the end of the period.