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Bio Ethics Timeline and Controversies

Bio Ethics Timeline and Controversies. The study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and biomedical advances, as in the fields of genetic engineering and drug research Examples?. What is Bio-Ethics?. Why Bioethics?. Current Bioethical Issues.

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Bio Ethics Timeline and Controversies

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  1. Bio Ethics Timeline and Controversies

  2. The study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and biomedical advances, as in the fields of genetic engineering and drug research Examples? What is Bio-Ethics?

  3. Why Bioethics?

  4. Current Bioethical Issues • Check the local news paper • Stem cells (state, national, international) • Genetically Engineered Organisms • Knowing your genes • In vetro fertilization – choosing your child's genes and characteristics • Chemicals exposures – human health • Environmental health

  5. “The Commons” The Tragedy of the Commons By Garrett Hardin, Science, 1968

  6. Bioethics Van Rensselaer Potter "Biology combined with diverse humanistic knowledge forging a science that sets a system of medical and environmental priorities for acceptable survival.“ Global Bioethics (1988) -------- 1911 - 2001 --------

  7. Ethics and Science • 1860’s - Scientific method in medicine, Gregor Mendel • - Penicillin discovered – widely used WWII • 1920’s - Lead in gasoline, lead in paint • - 30 states had sterilization laws on books • - Tuskegee syphilis study initiated • - Nuremberg - The Doctors Trial • - First open heart surgery & Chlorpromazine • - Structure of DNA – Watson & Crick • 60’s - Thalidomide, mercury, chronic hemodialysis, amniocentesis, informed consent, IRB’s • 70’s - Hastings Center founded, bioethics defined, Tuskegee noticed

  8. Ethics and Science 1973 – Roe V. Wade Unrestricted access to abortion 1978- First Test Tube ever born 80’s - Recombinant microorganism could be patented, lead is harmful to developing brain 90’s - molecular biology, sequencing of human genome (other species), Jurassic Park 1996- Dolly the sheep is the first Mammal ever cloned 00’s - US stem cell research restricted 2003- Human Genome project complete ? - Human cloned?

  9. Human Clones? Are there human clones? Yes – Identical Twins (Time 2.19.01)

  10. Cloning Defined • What is cloning? • Asexual reproduction • Examples? • Bacteria, fungus • Plants – cutting – potato • Farm animals

  11. Cloning Dolly 1997 - 2003 (Roslin Institute http://www.roslin.ac.uk/library/)

  12. Cloning A Sheep (Roslin Institute http://www.roslin.ac.uk/library/)

  13. IVF – In Vitro Fertilization • Baby conceived in a test tube and implanted in a Uterus • Available since 1986 • About 100,000 IVF kids in U.S. • Often creates extra embryos some would like to use for Stem Cell research. • U.S. - About 400,000 frozen embryos (unregulated) • England – 52,000 (regulated by government)

  14. Controversies: Should a mother be legally liable for drinking or doing drugs while pregnant? This of course would cause harm to their unborn child. Opinion?

  15. Should you be allowed to genetically modify your children before they are born to prevent disease? What about to change eye color, make them taller, stronger, smarter, better behaved? Opinion: Controversies:

  16. Should college students be forced to get the meningitis vaccine? Opinion Controversies:

  17. Should food and chemical corporations genetically modify food to yield more product, make food more nutritious, or make food taste better? Would you eat this food? Opinion Controversies:

  18. Should people be allowed to sell their extra kidney or a portion of their liver to a person in need of a transplant? This is currently illegal Opinion Controversies:

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