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Pitch and Frequency

Pitch and Frequency. Sound is created by vibrations…whether it’s the vocal cord or guitar string. The sensation of a frequency is called a pitch . High pitch = high frequency Low pitch = low frequency.

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Pitch and Frequency

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  1. Pitch and Frequency

  2. Sound is created by vibrations…whether it’s the vocal cord or guitar string.

  3. The sensation of a frequency is called a pitch. • High pitch = high frequency • Low pitch = low frequency

  4. When 2 sounds (with a difference of 7 Hz or greater) are played simultaneously, we can detect a complex wave resulting from the interference and superposition of the waves. • Certain sound waves when played and heard at the same time can produce a good sensation when heard. • In those cases, they’re said to be consonant.

  5. Those sound waves form the basis of intervals in music. • Any 2 sounds who make a 2:1 ratio are said to be separated by an octaveand sound pleasing. • In other words, two sounds sound good when one sound wave has twice the frequency as the other.

  6. Two musical notes that have a frequency ratio of 2:1 are said to be separated by an octave. A musical note that is separated by an octave from middle C (256 Hz) has a frequency of _____.

  7. Answer: A

  8. If sound is produced by vibrations, ex: guitar string, the more work involved (plucking the string further), will result in a bigger amplitude. • More amplitude = more energy

  9. Intensity: the amount of energy transported across a portion of the medium in a given amount of time.

  10. Intensity = Energy time (Area) Since P= E/t Intensity= Power Area

  11. Unit for intensity: Watts/meter2 • Or: W/m2

  12. As the sound wave travels, it loses intensity. • As it travels, it’s being spread over a larger area.

  13. The human ear is very sensitive • The faintest sound we can typically hear is 1x10-12 W/m2 • This is called the threshold of hearing. • The most intense sound a human can hear without serious physical damage is more than 1 billion times that.

  14. Since range is so large, physicists measure intensity on multiples of ten. • Called the logarithmic scale or decibel scale. • The threshold of hearing is 0 decibels. • Decibel is abbreviated dB • 0 dB = 1x10-12 W/m2

  15. Intensity is objective • Loudness is subjective. • It changes based on things like age. • Generally, though, more intense sounds are louder.

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