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Plant Tissues: Overview

Plant Tissues: Overview. Meristematic and Permanent Tissues. Meristematic tissues – localized regions of cell division. Apical Meristems Primary or Transitional Meristem  Primary growth Lateral Meristems Vascular cambium  2 o vascular tissue Cork cambium or phellogen  periderm

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Plant Tissues: Overview

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  1. Plant Tissues: Overview Meristematic and Permanent Tissues

  2. Meristematic tissues – localized regions of cell division • Apical Meristems • Primary or Transitional Meristem  Primary growth • Lateral Meristems • Vascular cambium  2o vascular tissue • Cork cambium or phellogen periderm • Intercalary Meristems (found in the nodes of grasses)

  3. Root and Apical Meristem

  4. Root Apical Meristem • Root cap initials • Protoderm • Ground meristem • Procambium • Root cap

  5. Lateral Meristems – secondary growth in woody plants This stem has two lateral meristems. They are the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. (This is 1 year)

  6. Lateral Meristem- 2 years • This is the 2nd year and you can see there are two layers of xylem for each year. The pith is also referred to as the “Heartwood”

  7. Stems-Internal • Monocot : examples: corn, grasses • Dicot: example: trees

  8. Stems-Internal

  9. Simple Tissues – consisting of one cell type • Parenchyma – thin walled & alive at maturity; often multifaceted. • Collenchyma – thick walled & alive at maturity • Sclerenchyma – thick walled and dead at maturity • Sclerids or stone cells – cells as long as they are wide • Fibers – cells longer than they are wide • Epidermis – alive at maturity • Trichomes – “pubescence” or hairs on epidermis • Root Hairs – tubular extensions of epidermal cells

  10. Parenchyma

  11. Collenchyma

  12. Sclerenchyma SCLERIDS FIBERS Right-hand illustration modified from: Weier, Stocking & Barbour, 1974, Botany: An Introduction to Plant Biology, 5th Ed.

  13. Epidermis – stoma, trichomes, & root hairs http://www.ucd.ie/botany/Steer/hair/roothairs.html

  14. Complex Tissue • Xylem – water conducting tissue; parenchyma, fibers, vessels and/or tracheids, and ray cells. • Phloem food conducting tissue; sieve-tube members (no nucleus at maturity, cytoplasm present), companion cells, fibers, parenchyma, and ray cells.  In flowering plants, sieve-tube members and companion cells arise from the same mother cell. 

  15. Xylem movement in stem/leaf

  16. Xylem

  17. Phloem

  18. Vascular Bundles with xylem & phloem Maize or Corn – vein in cross section Alfalfa – vein in cross section

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