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David Massart, European Schoolnet October 2, 2006

CELEBRATE’s Lessons. David Massart, European Schoolnet October 2, 2006. Outline. - CELEBRATE - Approach - Limitations - Identified Problems. CELEBRATE. Strategic, large-scale, demonstration project (€7M Information Society Technologies – IST) Ran from June 2002 to November 2004

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David Massart, European Schoolnet October 2, 2006

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  1. CELEBRATE’s Lessons David Massart, European Schoolnet October 2, 2006

  2. Outline - CELEBRATE - Approach - Limitations - Identified Problems

  3. CELEBRATE • Strategic, large-scale, demonstration project (€7M Information Society Technologies – IST) • Ran from June 2002 to November 2004 • Developed and successfully demonstrated a federated learning object brokerage system architecture • Made available to over 319 schools in six countries approximately 1350 learning objects produced by both public and private sector content developers.

  4. Goals • Provide an easy way for teachers and pupils to get access to learning resources scattered between different e-learning systems • Understand how “learning objects” are used and re-used in classrooms and what is their pedagogical impact

  5. A 4-Step Scenario For The Exchange of Learning Resources • Search the pool of existing resources • Assess their usefulness on the basis of search results • Obtain relevant resources and (re)use them transparently regardless of the technical complexity associated with the resources and the technical platforms involved, and • Do all this in a way that respects the intellectual property associated with the resources involved

  6. A Successful Demonstration ... CELEBRATE successfully demonstrated that: • Teachers are enthusiastic about Learning Objects (LOs) • Emerging standards (for interoperability) make it easier for schools to exchange and reuse LOs • Given simple, user-friendly authoring tools, some teachers are capable of developing high-quality learning resources • Several Ministries of Education are interested in exchanging resources via a new educational content web portal

  7. ... BUT • Adoption was problematic • No one joined the federation after the end of the project

  8. Approach • Offering a complete solution for discovering and exchanging learning content • Federating e-learning systems around a brokerage system responsible for: • Carrying and Routing messages exchanged by the federation members (technical interoperability) • Enforcing semantic interoperability • Digitally managing rights

  9. Approach (cont.) For each problem • Select the “best” solution • Design a protocol accordingly • Make support of the protocol mandatory to join the federation

  10. Learning Resource Discovery • Federated searching • CALIBRATE LOM application profile adapted to the context of schools in Europe • Mandatory, recommended, and optional elements • Multilingual controlled vocabularies and thesaurus • Ad hoc query language • Ad hoc query interface

  11. Learning Resource Exchange • ODRL description of rights (metadata) • Authorized uses defined by agreements • Negotiated between resource producers and consumers • Stored, managed, and enforced by the brokerage system

  12. So, What Went Wrong? • Technical interoperability: All or nothing ? • Semantic interoperability: Is it affordable ? • Digital rights management: What for ?

  13. All Or Nothing ? • Why do I need to support DRM if I only propose / search for free resources ? • Why do I have to support your application profile/query language if mine is good enough for me? • Couldn’t you make the effort necessary to join the federation proportional to the services I need ?

  14. Is it affordable ? A good application profile: • Improves semantic interoperability • Requires specialized indexers • Has a cost proportional to the number of resources to describe • Potentially restricts the use of a resource • Is difficult to adapt to new requirements

  15. What For ? DRM is fine but: • commercial content providers were not ready and/or did not yet have a businessmodel for providing content through a federation • Chicken and egg situation: Not enough users to draw content providers’ attention and not enough content to keep users.

  16. Question ? Thank you

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