Photosynthesis Transporting water through the roots

2. epidermis • Photosynthesis • Transporting water through the roots

3. Epidermis • protects the root • helps in absorption of water and minerals

4. epidermis • Photosynthesis • Transporting water through the roots root hairs

5. Root Hairs • tubular outgrowths of epidermal cells of the roots of plants • aid in absorbing water

6. epidermis • Photosynthesis • Transporting water through the roots root hairs xylem

7. Xylem • hollow cells • transports water from roots to leaves

8. capillary action the tendency for water to be attracted to the walls of a tube more than to surrounding water molecules

9. transpiration the release of water from leaves through stomata

10. Stomata • openings between guard cells of a leaf • permits gases to pass into and out of a leaf

11. guard cells

12. Water and dissolved minerals enter root epidermis and pass into xylem vessels. Leaves convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy and store it in sugar. Water escapes through stomata in the leaves. Water and dissolved minerals travel up xylem vessels. Water and dissolved minerals travel through veins in leaves. The sugar travels down the phloem to the stem and roots. Water is used for photosynthesis in the leaves.

13. aerobic respiration with oxygen

14. Aerobic Respiration • breaking down sugar for energy • carbon dioxide is given off • water is given off

15. Exchange of Gases • stomata • lenticels • root epidermis

16. photosynthesis photo light building

17. Photosynthesis • takes in carbon dioxide • gives off oxygen

18. Chloroplasts • organelles where photosynthesis takes place • contain chlorophyll

19. cuticle chloroplasts upper epidermis palisade layer

20. Palisade layer • column-shaped • lined up side-by-side

21. stomata spongy layer guard cells

22. Plants & Sugar • energy • making cellulose • store as starch • store as lipids

23. Plants & Growth • length • thickness • seeds

24. hormone a chemical produced by living cells and transported to other body tissues where it causes a specific effect

25. Functions of Plant Hormones • stimulate cells to divide • stimulate cells to enlarge • stimulate cells to stop growing • determine what jobs cells will do

26. tropism the growth of a plant in a certain direction in response to a stimulus

27. phototropism photo light turning

28. gravi gravitropism heavy turning

29. geo geotropism earth turning

30. Tropism • positive: toward the stimulus • negative: away from stimulus

31. Nastic Movement • reversible, repeatable plant movements • caused by turgor pressure

32. photoperiodism the responses of a plant to changes in the length of daylight and night

33. short-day plants plants which require short periods of light and long periods of darkness in order to bloom

34. long-day plants plants which require long periods of light and short periods of darkness in order to bloom

35. Day-neutral Plants Neutral plants that bloom whenever conditions are acceptable, regardless of the length of light or dark periods