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Nucleic Acids (in detail) (pg.52)

Nucleic Acids (in detail) (pg.52). Informational macromolecules Store hereditary information. Determines structure of proteins  determines function. Only molecules that produce identical copies. Reason why organisms can reproduce. .

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Nucleic Acids (in detail) (pg.52)

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  1. Nucleic Acids (in detail) (pg.52) • Informational macromolecules • Store hereditary information. • Determines structure of proteins  determines function. • Only molecules that produce identical copies. • Reason why organisms can reproduce.

  2. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)  RNA (ribonucleic acid)  protein.

  3. Nucleic Acid Monomer • Monomer: nucleotide • Nitrogenous base • Pentose sugar • Phosphate group. • DNA vs. RNA (both are helical)

  4. Nucleic Acid Sugars

  5. Nitrogenous Bases Pyrimidine: single-ringed. Purine: double ringed.

  6. Phosphodiester Bond • Nucleotides are linked together by a specific enzyme into a strand. • NA Condensation reaction: phosphodiester linkage. • Between phosphate group and hydroxyl group (on carbon #3).

  7. DNA • Double-stranded • Strands held together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases. • A-T: two hydrogen bonds • G-C: three hydrogen bonds. • Strands are antiparallel: free phosphate end of one strand lines up with the free sugar end of the adjacent strand. • Complimentary pairs: every pair of nucleotide pair is composed of a purine facing a pyrimidine.

  8. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) • A nucleotide used to drive energy-requiring reactions. • More on this later.

  9. DNA and Evolution • All organisms pass on their DNA to offspring. • Organisms that share similar features are more closely related. • THIS IS BECAUSE OF DNA! • Therefore, more closely related organisms contain more closely related sequences of nucleotides. REMEMBER: DNA  RNA  PROTEIN.

  10. Table on Pg. 54: Summary of Macromolecules.

  11. Biological Macromolecule Summary Work together to fill in the blanks.

  12. Complete: #1-9, 11, 13-16, 18-19.

  13. Next Class: • Test on Macromolecules: carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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