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The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages. Norman conquest. William the Conqueror. Evolution of Middle English After 1066…. Nobility speaks French Serfs speak Old English Church speaks Latin. Feudalism Vassal Serf Knight Duke. Primogeniture Henry II (reign 1154-1189) Eleanor of Aquitaine Common law.

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The Middle Ages

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  1. The Middle Ages

  2. Norman conquest

  3. William the Conqueror

  4. Evolution of Middle EnglishAfter 1066…. • Nobility speaks French • Serfs speak Old English • Church speaks Latin

  5. Feudalism • Vassal • Serf • Knight • Duke

  6. Primogeniture • Henry II (reign 1154-1189) • Eleanor of Aquitaine • Common law

  7. Archbishop of Canterbury • Archbishop of Canterbury

  8. INTERDICT

  9. Murder of Becket

  10. Canterbury Cathedral • Holy Shrine • pilgrimages

  11. Site of Martyrdom

  12. Richard the Lion-Hearted

  13. King John • 3 losses of reign: • 1. France • 2. Church • 3. Nobility

  14. High Middle Ages 13th century (1200s) Of equal importance: 1. Civic Pride 2. Devotion to Church

  15. Castles Medieval castles were built for strength (Conway Castle, Wales)

  16. Cathedrals Cathedrals were built for beauty (Chartres, France)

  17. Chartres Cathedral Each piece of stained glass was taken down, catalogued, and stored-- World War I and World War II

  18. Medieval romances Stories of King Arthur and knights of the Round Table

  19. New monks • Franciscans • Dominicans

  20. Intense intellectual life • Oxford University • Cambridge University (Oxford)

  21. Parliament House of Lords + House of Commons

  22. Wales was conquered, 13th century • “Prince of Wales”

  23. Prince Charles • “Prince of Wales”

  24. 14th century: transitional • Overpopulation • Church corruption • Breakdown of respect for king

  25. Black Death • Initial outbreak in 1347 • Within five years, 1/3 of Europe’s population was dead

  26. Peasants’ Revolt • Equality of all men • Abolition of all lordships except king’s • Confiscation & redistribution of Church property • Elimination of all bishoprics except Archbishop of Canterbury

  27. Richard II • 1377-1399 • Deposed and replaced with a nobleman (Henry IV)

  28. Geoffrey Chaucer • ~1343-1400 • Middle class • “Father of English literature”

  29. Canterbury Tales Three kinds of tales: • Exemplum • Beast fable • Fabliau

  30. Vocabulary • Physiognomy • Cuckold Chaucer’s character “The Wife of Bath”

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