1 / 24

Kingdom: Fungi

Kingdom: Fungi. Unit 6 Lecture 4. Kingdom Fungi. aka Kingdom Mycetae eukaryotes [domain Eukarya] unicellular or multicellular heterotrophic saphrophytic mutualistic parasitic. Kingdom Fungi. immobile sexual and asexual reproduction diverse in color, location, and shape/size

theodore-gilliam
Download Presentation

Kingdom: Fungi

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Kingdom: Fungi Unit 6 Lecture 4

  2. Kingdom Fungi • aka Kingdom Mycetae • eukaryotes [domain Eukarya] • unicellular or multicellular • heterotrophic • saphrophytic • mutualistic • parasitic

  3. Kingdom Fungi • immobile • sexual and asexual reproduction • diverse in color, location, and shape/size • Amillaria mushroom in Mi • most similar in appearance to plants, but similar in DNA to animals

  4. Fungus Structure • hypha(e) – thread-likestrings of nuclei • come from spores • can be tiny to acres large • feeding system[like plant roots] • secrete enzymes to digest materials hyphae

  5. Fungus Structure • hypha(e) – thread-likestrings of nuclei • can be partitioned with septa(e) • septate / coenocytic • mycelium – group of hyphae hyphae

  6. Fungus Structure • hypha(e) – thread-likestrings of nuclei • haustorium – tip of parasitic fungi; penetrates host tissueto feed hyphae

  7. Fungus Structure • chitin – makes up cell walls of fungi • gives strength and flexibility hyphae

  8. Discuss • What is the difference between the composition of plant cell walls vs that of fungal cell walls? • What two functions can hyphae serve for a fungus?

  9. Fungus Structure pileus scales • fruiting body – grows abovethe soil; produces spores • in some types, this is the mushroom • pileus – cap • scales – make up cap hyphae

  10. Fungus Structure pileus scales lamellae • fruiting body – grows abovethe soil; produces spores • lamella(e) – gill(s) • annulus – ring • stape - stem • volva – cup annulus stape volva hyphae

  11. Economic Importance • medical applications • antibiotics • enzymes • other medicines • food applications • bread • wine • cheese • mushrooms • yogurt

  12. Harm • Though fungi can be extraordinarily beneficial to us and to the ecosystem [decomposers], they can also be harmful • plant damage – “rusts” • toxins in food • diseases

  13. Discuss • Name two beneficial uses for fungi. • Name one harmful fungus for a human. • Name the most economically important fungus.

  14. Symbiosis • Lichen • fungus + alga • most are phylum ascomycota • need light, air, water, & minerals • pioneer species • function as biological indicator

  15. Symbiosis • Mycorrhizae • fungus + plant • most are phylum zygomycota • hyphae grow through plant roots • absorb minerals for plant, plant gives fungus organic sugars and amino acids • may help with water retention

  16. Symbiosis • wood-boring beetles • other plants – orchids cannot germinate w/o fungus

  17. Discuss • What is the symbiotic partner of a • lichen? • mycorrhiza? • What does it mean that lichens function as “biological indicators”? • What other organisms can also be “indicators”?

  18. Phyla • phyla are grouped by the type of spores they create: • zygomycota • ascomycota • basidiomycota • deuteromycota

  19. Phyla • Zygomycota • sexual [zygospores] & asexual • zygospore – thick-walled hearty spores which form sexually and last through harsh conditions • coenocytic hyphae [no septa] • most are decomposers [bread mold]

  20. Phyla • Ascomycota – the sac fungi • largest & most economically important group • sexual [ascospores] & asexual • ascospore – spore which develops in sac-like structure called an ascus • ex: yeast, lichens, morels, blue/green/red/brown molds

  21. Phyla • Basidiomycota – the club fungi • most are saprobes/saphrophytes • sexual [basidiospores] & asexual • basidiospore – develop on gills of mushroom in club-shaped structures called basidia • ex: mushrooms, puffballs, shelf-fungi [on trees], bird’s nest fungi, plant rusts

  22. Phyla • Deuteromycota – the imperfect fungi • asexual reproduction only • useful in making food • cheese, jams, anything “fruit-flavored” for citric acid • ex: Penicillium spp., ringworm, blue stuff in bleu cheese

  23. Discuss • How are fungal phyla separated? • Which phylum reproduces… • using zygospores? • only asexually? • using spores in sacs? • using spores in club-shaped structures?

  24. Homework • BDOL 20.1 and BDOL 20.2 worksheet

More Related