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Ch. 47 – Circulatory System

Ch. 47 – Circulatory System. Draw the heart SA node  top (pacemaker) AV node  bottom pg. 995 Blood Pressure Systole  top reading Diastole  bottom reading 120/80 pg.996. Heart pg.994. Located under the sternum; about the size of a fist. Averages 72 beats/min

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Ch. 47 – Circulatory System

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  1. Ch. 47 – Circulatory System • Draw the heart • SA node  top (pacemaker) • AV node  bottom pg. 995 • Blood Pressure • Systole  top reading • Diastole  bottom reading • 120/80 pg.996

  2. Heart pg.994 • Located under the sternum; about the size of a fist. • Averages 72 beats/min • Pumps 5.5 L of blood per minute. • Protect with a sac-like membrane around it called the pericardium. • Divided into right & left sides by a septum.

  3. Causes of heart rate increase • 1. Carbon dioxide • 2. Increase in temperature • 3. Hormones • 4. Brain reflex (scared)

  4. Blood Vessels • Artery, vein, capillaries pg. 991 • Muscles in the vessels • 1. Connective • 2. Smooth • 3. Endothelium • Why is the artery thicker than the vein?

  5. What is the largest blood vessel? • Aorta, Why? • Arteriesarteriolescapillariesvenulesveins • Vercose veins – close to the skin’s surface • Can cut or strip these out.

  6. Pulmonary Artery – only artery to carry Deoxygenated blood. • Pulmonary Vein – only vein to carry oxygenated blood.

  7. 3 subsystems of circulation • 1. Coronary Circulation • Heart • 2. Renal Circulation • Kidney • 3. Hepatic portal Circulation • liver

  8. Blood • Liquid tissue – 9% body weight • Average person has 5 Liters. • 1. Plasma – liquid portion • 55% of the blood volume • Sticky, straw-colored liquid • 90% water

  9. 2. Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) pg. 988 • Formed in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. • Flat disks with 2 concave surfaces. They help transport oxygen. • Hemoglobin is a protein that forms with RBCs • Molecule inside RBCs that transports oxygen.

  10. There are about 30 trillion RBCs in the human body at once. They live for only about 130 days. About 2 million RBCs are regenerated every second.

  11. 3. White Blood Cells • Ameboid movement • Help defend the body against diseases. • Larger than RBCs • They are phagocytes (engulf) • WBCs carry antibodies that destroy foreign substances (colds & infections)

  12. 4. Platelets or throbocytes • Start blood clotting process • Live 7 to 11 days • Serum doesn’t have clotting properties.

  13. Blood Types – pg. 990 • Antigens  A,B,AB,O • A  antigen [A] , antibody [B] • B  antigen [B], antibody [A] • AB  antigen [A & B] , no antibody • O  no antigen, antibody [A & B]

  14. Genotype • A  Ia Ia & IaIo • B  IbIb & IbIo • AB  IaIb • O  IoIo • Universal receiver • AB • Universal donor • O

  15. Rh Factor – pg. 991 • Protein found in the blood, it’s a blood antigen. Named after the Rhesus monkey. • 85% U.S. population positive • 15% U.S. population negative • Can’t mix or it will agglutinate.

  16. Respiratory System • Passage: - pg. 983 • Nostrils, nasal passage, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchi tubes, air sacs (alveoli) • What is the process of taking air into the lungs? • Inhale • What the process of letting air out? • Exhale

  17. Your lungs holds about 6 L of oxygen  Total Lung Capacity • You normally inhale about .5 L of oxygen. • The maximum amount of air a person can inhale & exhale is 3500-ml  Vital Lung Capacity

  18. The air you breathe in & out just sitting is 500-ml  Tidal Air • The air you breathe in & then in some more is 1500-ml  Complemental Air • The air you breath out & then out some more is 1500-ml  Supplemental Air

  19. The air that stays in your lungs is 1000-ml  Residual Air • Respiration rate is the measurement of the # of times a person inhales & exhales in a minute. • Men  15 –16 • Women & children  20

  20. Exercise – pg. 984 - 985

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