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Daily Trivia

Daily Trivia. Floods and flash floods kill more people nationwide than any other storm hazard. Agenda. Daily Trivia Agenda HW check/discussion Evidence Notes & Activities Homework. Homework. Identify what evidence could be found from this crime. How could it be interpreted?.

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Daily Trivia

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  1. Daily Trivia • Floods and flash floods kill more people nationwide than any other storm hazard.

  2. Agenda • Daily Trivia • Agenda • HW check/discussion • Evidence Notes & Activities • Homework

  3. Homework • Identify what evidence could be found from this crime. How could it be interpreted?

  4. Forensic Science III. Evidence

  5. A. Two general types • Testimonial Evidence • Statement made under oath • Also called: • Direct evidence • Eyewitness testimonials • “That’s the guy I saw shoot the gun.”

  6. A crime is being committed!

  7. What did you see? • Someone picked Giselle’s pocket! • Write down the following: • How many people were in the scene? • What color sunglasses did the man in the red hat have on? • Describe the shirt he was wearing. • Did he have any facial hair? • What color feather was in the cowboy’s hat? • Describe his facial features.

  8. Physical Evidence • Any object or material relevant in a crime • Also called • Real evidence • Indirect evidence • Circumstantial evidence • Blood, hair, bullets, fingerprints • Circumstantial because inferences are drawn • This is what forensic scientists focus on

  9. Types of Physical Evidence • Transient Evidence—temporary; easily changed or lost; usually observed by the first officer at the scene • Pattern Evidence—produced by direct contact between a person and an object or between two objects • Conditional Evidence—produced by a specific event or action; important in crime scene reconstruction and in determining the set of circumstances or sequence within a particular event • Transfer Evidence—produced by contact between person(s) or object(s), or between person(s) and person(s) • Associative Evidence—items that may associate a victim or suspect with a scene or each other; ie, personal belongings —Lee and Labriola in Famous Cases, 2001

  10. ExamplesofTransient Evidence • Odor—putrefaction, perfume, gasoline, urine, burning, explosives, cigarette or cigar smoke • Temperature—surroundings, car hood, coffee, water in a bathtub, cadaver • Imprints and indentations—footprints, teeth marks in perishable foods, tire marks on certain surfaces • Markings

  11. Pattern Evidence—most are in the form of imprints, indentations, striations, markings, fractures or deposits. Clothing or article distribution Gun powder residue Material damage Body position Tool marks Modus operandi Examples of Pattern Evidence • Blood spatter • Glass fracture • Fire burn pattern • Furniture position • Projectile trajectory • Tire marks or skid marks

  12. Light—headlight, lighting conditions Smoke—color, direction of travel, density, odor Fire—color and direction of the flames, speed of spread, temperature and condition of fire Location—of injuries or wounds, of bloodstains, of the victim’s vehicle, of weapons or cartridge cases, of broken glass Vehicles—doors locked or unlocked, windows opened or closed, radio off or on (station), odometer mileage Body—position, types of wounds; rigor, livor and algor mortis Scene—condition of furniture, doors and windows, any disturbance or signs of a struggle Examples of Conditional Evidence

  13. B. Application • Indirect evidence does not prove a fact • Indirect evidence implies a fact or event without actually proving it • The more indirect evidence there is, the greater weight it carries.

  14. Example: • Brown hair is found in the victims hand • Size 11 shoeprints are found near the scene • Does not prove anyone guilty, it just narrows the pool of suspects.

  15. C. Individual v. Class • Individual evidence • Linked to a unique, single, specific source • Example: fingerprints, handwriting, DNA • Class evidence • Characteristics common to a group

  16. Now think back… • We had an “intruder” come into our class. • What time did the “intruder” come in? • What did the intruder look like? Include height, weight, age, hair color, and hairstyle. • Describe what the intruder was wearing • What did the intruder do? • What conversation took place?

  17. Class vs Individual Evidence Which examples do you think could be individual evidence?

  18. Reading • Read the articles provided • Take notes on a piece of notebook paper • Details of the case • Was the correct person convicted • Discuss with your group the accuracy of eyewitness testimonies • Should they be allowed in the courtroom? • How much weight should be given?

  19. Homework • Finish Articles & Questions

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