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Unit 8 Chapter 26 Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms

Unit 8 Chapter 26 Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms. What is a Sponge?. Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearing”) Sponges are aquatic, sessile, asymmetrical invertebrates. What is a Sponge?. Sponges are filter-feeders

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Unit 8 Chapter 26 Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms

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  1. Unit 8Chapter 26Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms

  2. What is a Sponge? • Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearing”) • Sponges are aquatic, sessile, asymmetrical invertebrates

  3. What is a Sponge? • Sponges are filter-feeders • Feed by filtering small particles from the water that passes through its pores

  4. What is a Sponge? • Sponges are soft-bodied and may contain sharp, hard spicules for support & defense • Others may contain spongin, a soft, fibrous material

  5. What is a Sponge? • Hermaphrodites, producing both eggs & sperm • A few have external fertilization (occurring outside the animal’s body) • Most have internal fertilization (eggs & sperm meet within the animal’s body)

  6. What is a Cnidarian? • Radially symmetrical, aquatic invertebrates • Ex: Jellyfish, coral, hydra, & sea anemones

  7. What is a Cnidarian? • Cnidarian’s body is only two cell layers • Cnidarian’s sting their prey with cells called nematocysts, located on their tentacles

  8. What is a Cnidarian? • Cnidarian’s have two basic body shapes: • Medusa = bell-shaped, free-swimming • Polyp = tube-shaped, sessile

  9. What is a Cnidarian? • Many Cnidarians live in colonies Ex: Portuguese man-of-war • Some Cnidarians build reefs Ex: Coral

  10. What is a Flatworm? • Phylum Platyhelminthes • Acoelomates, with three cell layers • Marine, freshwater, & moist land habitats A Fluke

  11. What is a Flatworm? • Flatworms may be free-living, like the fresh-water Planarian • Planaria have a simple nervous system, including eyespots for light detection

  12. What is a Flatworm? • Planaria have remarkable powers of regeneration, the ability to replace missing parts

  13. What is a Flatworm? • Flatworms may be parasitic, like the fluke & tapeworm • Tapeworms attach to host’s intestines with their scolex (head) and produce many proglottids (body segments)

  14. What is a Flatworm? • Tapeworms have a complex life history, that may include several hosts

  15. What is a Roundworm? • Phylum Nematoda • Pseudocoelomates, with two body openings • Free-living forms are important decomposers in the soil

  16. What is a Roundworm? • Many roundworms are parasites, i.e. pinworms, hookworms, & heartworms • Trichinosis is a disease caused by a roundworm found in improperly cooked pork Heartworms in a Dog’s heart

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