Zionism Movement and the Holocaust

1. Zionism Movement and the Holocaust

2. Words To Know Zionism – movement to form a Jewish state in Israel Holocaust – mass murder of Jews and other prisoners by the Germans in World War II Holy Land – place where Biblical events occurred Concentration Camps- places where Jewish prisoners were confined Palestinians – Arabs in Palestine (present day Israel Refugees– people fleeing from a land

3. History of Anti-Semitism in the Middle East • 70 B.C.E – The Romans conquered Palestine and required Jews to worship Roman Gods. • Death of Jesus Christ and the establishment of Christianity as an official religion • Laws were passed that prevented people from eating with, working with, or mixing with Jews. • Jews were forbidden to run for office and participate in government.

4. History of Anti-Semitism Continued • The 1st Crusades • “Baptism or Death” • Nearly 10,000 Jews died because they refused to convert • One leader vowed “to leave no single member of the Jewish race alive.” • Because of the Crusades, many Jews fled to Eastern and Central Europe.

5. Reasons Continued… • 1400s and 1500s • Jews were relegated to jobs in banking which resulted in the stereotype of them as “money-hungry.” • Blamed for various problems in the community • Forced to live in isolated “ghettos” • Artists portrayed Jews as devils and as Satan. • Over time, Jews were driven from Central Europe and • settled in Poland and Russia. • In the 1800s, Jews were murdered in organized killings • called pogroms.

6. The BIG Picture Anti-Semitism followed Jewish People wherever they went!!!!

7. ZIONISM!!!! The Solution To Anti-Semitism

8. Positive and Negative Arguments for the Zionist Movement Jews could no longer live as minority in other countries Jews could no longer expect non-Jewish governments to protect them. Jews needed a country of their own to escape persecution. Biblical obligation to live in the land of Israel. The land was promised to them as the land of their roots. Jews needed a country of their own to faithfully fulfill their religious obligations.

9. Theodor Herzl By 1897 Theodor Herzl's book The Jewish Statespread like wildfire throughout the Jewish world and Herzl became the most recognizable leader of the Zionist movement when he presided over the first international Zionist Congress.

10. Taking Sides of Jewish Homeland At the end of WWI, Britain gained Palestine. British government limited the migration of Jews to Palestine. Jews were angry because they helped Britain to gain Palestine. This sentiment increased animosity between the Jewish population and the Arab population that already lived in Palestine. • Eventually, the Balfour Declaration was declared. It recognized Palestine as a “Jewish” state.

11. Images of the Holocaust It is estimated that 6 million Jews were murdered during the World War II

12. Images of the Holocaust German soldiers often looked for Jews and would treat them harsh. Many Jews were confined to concentration camps.

13. Images of the Holocaust Many Jewish families were divided during the Holocaust. Some never saw each other again.

14. Images of the Holocaust Symbols such as the one below represented Anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism is hatred toward Jewish people.