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Moral Reasoning

Factual Issues. Example: Franklin believed that the United States should attempt to use reason to create its political system. (It's a fact that he believed this.)Example: It is illegal to bring glass beverage containers into Bidwell Park. (T or F)Note: If two parties take conflicting positions on

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Moral Reasoning

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    1. Moral Reasoning Making appropriate use of facts and opinions to decide the right thing to do

    2. Factual Issues

    3. Prescriptive Claims

    4. A syllogism with a prescriptive claim...

    5. “Ought” and “Is”

    6. A Naturalistic Fallacy

    7. A Naturalistic Fallacy

    8. Consistency in Moral Reasoning

    9. Relativism and Pluralism

    10. Utilitarian Reasoning Consider individuals that are conscious of pleasure or pain

    11. Utilitarian Reasoning Consider individuals that are conscious of pleasure or pain Maximize happiness

    12. Utilitarian Reasoning Consider individuals that are conscious of pleasure or pain Maximize happiness Minimize unhappiness

    13. Utilitarian Reasoning Consider individuals that are conscious of pleasure or pain Maximize happiness Minimize unhappiness Focus on consequences of actions

    14. Utilitarian Reasoning Consider individuals that are conscious of pleasure or pain Maximize happiness Minimize unhappiness Focus on consequences of actions Rights, obligations, intentions are not easily included in premises of utilitarian arguments

    15. Reasoning from Duty Theory Should an individual follow rules because they seem to specify the right thing to do?

    16. Reasoning from Duty Theory Should an individual follow rules because they seem to specify the right thing to do? Hypothetical imperatives (if…then), which consider results, cannot serve as guides to what is intrinsically or naturally right.

    17. Reasoning from Duty Theory Should an individual follow rules because they seem to specify the right thing to do? Hypothetical imperatives (if…then), which consider results, cannot serve as guides to what is intrinsically or naturally right. Categorical imperatives, which are based on the intention to do the right thing, can be tested by asking if the rule would be a good one for everyone to follow.

    18. Reasoning from Duty Theory

    19. Divine Command Theory God determines the rules.

    20. Divine Command Theory God determines the rules Existence of different religions creates a problem for this theory as a basis for ethics in a pluralistic society.

    21. Reasoning in Virtue Ethics Centrality of good character

    22. Reasoning in Virtue Ethics Centrality of good character How to be vs. what to do

    23. Reasoning in Virtue Ethics Centrality of good character How to be vs. what to do Works well with original American intention to protect religious freedom as a way of encouraging sincere efforts toward personal development

    24. Creating and Evaluating Moral Arguments

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