Amendments Eleven Through Fifteen

1. Amendments Eleven Through Fifteen of the US Constitution

2. Between 1791, when the Bill of Rights was ratified, and 1860, two amendments were added to the Constitution • The Eleventh Amendment was passed by Congress on March 4, 1794 and ratified on February 7, 1795. • The Twelfth Amendment was passed by Congress on December 9, 1803 and ratified on June 15, 1804.

3. The Eleventh Amendment • Denied the federal courts, including the Supreme Court, the right to make rulings in state affairs. #11

4. Two citizens from South Carolina sued the state of Georgia. The federal government stepped in to make Georgia pay. Georgia refused saying that the government was taking away some of its power. VS Sue: to bring legal action against a person to satisfy a claim or complaint

5. The Twelfth Amendment • Changed the system for electing a president and vice president #12

6. In earlier elections…. • All candidates ran for the office of president • The candidate with the highest number of votes was elected president. • The second-place candidate was elected vice-president

7. Until the election of 1796 ended in a tie… This amendment states that separate candidates have to be chosen to run for each office. Presidential candidate chooses his running mate. If no candidate receives a majority of votes, the House of Representatives chooses a winner Candidate: a person who hopes to be elected to a public office

8. The Civil Rights Amendments Amendments 13 - 15

9. Emancipation Proclamation Civil rights was mostly left to individual states until the Civil War in 1861 – 1865 President Lincoln declared that the slaves were free The document that gave slaves freedom in 1863 is called the Emancipation Proclamation The proclamation only applied to those states that had left the United States and formed a new country. Civil rights: the rights guaranteed to all United States citizens

10. Civil War ended in 1865 and Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment…ending slavery The issue of slavery had been one of the causes of trouble between the North and South Congress passed the amendment to finally end the dispute

11. Slaves were now free but there was still debate about whether slaves and other African Americans could be citizens • the 14th amendment states that all people born in the United States and under its rule are citizens • Foreign-born persons who live in the US can become citizens by following certain steps • It also says that states must follow due process and give all citizens equal protection, just as the federal government does The Fourteenth Amendment Debate: an argument or discussion between persons with different views

12. The Fifteenth Amendment • Gave all male Americans the right to vote • Northern states approved this amendment right away, but the Southern states, except for Tennessee, would not obey the amendment • Congress, using military force, made Southern states hold conventions • The states had to rewrite their state constitutions so that African American males were guaranteed the right to vote

13. Lesson 5 Review Word bank Affairs Citizens Courts Ended President Vice president vote • The 11th Amendment said the federal _____ could not make rulings in state _____. • The 12th Amendment changed the system for electing a _______________ and ________________. • The 13th Amendment _________ slavery in all states. • The 14th Amendment said all people born in the US and under its rule are _________. • The 15th Amendment gave the right to ________to all males, even former slaves.