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9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds

9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds. 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds. Useful metals. Metals and metal compounds. Salts. 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds. Useful metals. 9E Properties of metals.

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9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds

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  1. 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds 9EReactions of metals and metal compounds Useful metals Metals and metal compounds Salts

  2. 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds Useful metals

  3. 9E Properties of metals We use metals for bridges and cars, for jewellery, and even inside our bodies. What’s so special about metals? Complete the table. Answer ‘yes’ or ‘no’. yes no yes yes no no Give three more properties of metals.

  4. 9E Which metal? There are lots of metals, all slightly different.How do we choose which metal to use for which job? Match up the properties with the way we use each metal. use1titanium for artificial hip joints 2copper in electrical circuits 3gold for jewellery 4lead for weights property of metalA has a high density Bshiny and unreactive, so it does not tarnish C very light and strong, and unreactive Dcheap and a good conductor of electricity property of metalCvery light and strong, and unreactive Dcheap and a good conductor of electricity Bshiny and unreactive, so it does not tarnish Ahas a high density

  5. 9E Odd ones out Mercury: a liquid metal that conducts heat and electricity well. It is very dense and was used during the Spanish Inquisition to kill people. Victims were forced to swallow mercury which is very poisonous. Graphite: a black powder that conducts electricity. It feels quite slippery and is used in pencils. A stick of graphite leaves a smear on a rough surface like paper as it passes over it. But is it a metal? Read all about it! There is something odd about these substances. What is it?

  6. 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds Metals and metal compounds

  7. 9E I’ll name that gas in... And the gas is...Hydrogen! Many metals react with acids to produce a gas.But which gas is it? CLUE 1Think about the formulae for acids: sulphuric acid H2SO4, hydrochloric acid HCl, nitric acid HNO3. CLUE 2The gas burns with a popping sound. CLUE 3The gas is not oxygen.

  8. 9E Metals and acids metal+hydrochloric acid ? + ? calcium magnesium zinc iron lead copper silver How do metals react with acids? Complete this equation. Write a word equation for each metal with hydrochloric acid: What evidence would tell you this reaction has occurred?

  9. 9E More metals, more acids Metals react with acids to produce a salt and hydrogen. Which salts would be made here? magnesium chloride magnesium sulphate zinc chloride zinc sulphate iron sulphate iron chloride Write a word equation for the reaction of magnesium with nitric acid.

  10. 9E What happens to the atoms? zinc + hydrochloric acid zinc chloride + hydrogen zinc + sulphuric acid zinc sulphate + hydrogen Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 + + + + In any chemical reaction the atoms are rearranged. Metals react with acids like this. Hydrogen bubbles appear because hydrogen atoms leave the acid and pair up to form hydrogen molecules.

  11. 9E I’ll name that gas in... And the gas is...Carbon dioxide! Metal carbonates react with acids to produce a gas.But which gas is it? CLUE 1The formulae for carbonates: sodium carbonate Na2CO3, copper carbonate CuCO3,zinc carbonate ZnCO3. CLUE 2The gas puts out a burning spill. CLUE 3The gas is not hydrogen.

  12. 9E Acids and metal carbonates There’s another way of proving that the gas given off is carbon dioxide. What will happen to the limewater?

  13. 9E Acids and metal carbonates metal carbonate+acidsalt+water+carbon dioxide Metal carbonates react with acids. This reaction has helped to shape our landscape. It has formed huge caves out of solid rock, with stalactites and stalagmites. Calcium carbonate (limestone) is insoluble. When it reacts with acidic rainwater, a soluble salt is formed. The rock wears away. Write a word equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with nitric acid.

  14. 9E What happens to the atoms? nitricacid sodiumnitrate carbondioxide + water sodiumcarbonate + + + magnesiumcarbonate + sulphuric acid magnesiumsulphate + carbon dioxide water Na2CO3 + 2HNO3 2NaNO3 + CO2 + H2O MgCO3 + H2SO4 MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O + + + + + + When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid, the atoms are rearranged. Where did the carbon dioxide molecules come from?How was the water formed?

  15. 9E What, no gas? The reaction between a metal oxide and an acid does not produce a gas. What does it produce? CLUE 1The formula for iron oxide is FeO, and the formula for sulphuric acid is H2SO4. CLUE 2The salt formed when they react is iron sulphate, formula FeSO4. What else is left over? CLUE 3There is no clue 3! And the answer is…When sulphuric acid reacts with iron oxide it produces iron sulphate and water.

  16. 9E Acids and metal oxides copper oxide+sulphuric acidcopper sulphate+water How does copper oxide react with sulphuric acid?

  17. 9E What happens to the atoms? copper oxide + sulphuric acid copper sulphate + water CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O + + magnesiumoxide hydrochloric acid magnesiumchloride water + + MgO 2HCl MgCl2 H2O + + + + When a metal oxide reacts with an acid, the atoms are rearranged. How was the water formed? Write a general word equation for this reaction.

  18. 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds Salts

  19. 9E Salt with everything? What does the word salt mean to you? Chemists use the word salt to mean... a compound that is made when a metal replaces the hydrogen in an acid. Which acid would you use to make these salts? hydrochloric acid sulphuric acid nitric acid

  20. 9E Yet more salts! metal+acid salt+ ? metal oxide+acid salt+ ? metal carbonate+acid salt+ ? + ? Lots of different reactions make salts.Here are three examples to complete.

  21. 9E Name that salt Salts are very useful chemicals. We use them to flavour our foods, fertilise our crops, and even as antiseptics. Remember that a salt is an acid with its hydrogen replaced by a metal. How many salts can you name? Name as many salts as you can remember (or make up!) in two minutes.

  22. 9E How many did you get? These are just some of the salts you might have named... the chlorides (potassium chloride, sodium chloride…) the nitrates (lead nitrate, zinc nitrate…) the sulphates (magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate…) Check your score!

  23. 9E Names and formulae sodium chloride potassium chloride aluminium chloride zinc sulphate copper chloride Which formula belongs with which salt? CuCl2 AlCl3 KNO3 NaCl ZnSO4 NaCl KNO3 AlCl3 ZnSO4 CuCl2

  24. 9E Quiz 1.Which of these are all metals? a)graphite, copper and lead b) magnesium, calcium and marble c)copper, magnesium and iron. 2.Which gas is given off when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid? a)carbon dioxide b) hydrogen c)none.

  25. 9E Quiz 3.Which gas is given off when a metal oxide reacts with an acid? a)carbon dioxide b) hydrogen c)none. 4.Which gas is given off when a metal reacts with an acid? a)carbon dioxide b) hydrogen c)none.

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