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Communism and Totalitarian Regimes

Communism and Totalitarian Regimes. China in the 1900’s. China was ready for Revolution . Foreign Influence controlled trade and economic resources Many wanted improvements in education, military, and the economy

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Communism and Totalitarian Regimes

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  1. Communism and Totalitarian Regimes

  2. China in the 1900’s China was ready for Revolution. • Foreign Influence controlled trade and economic resources • Many wanted improvements in education, military, and the economy • Qing dynasty (ruled since 1644) was overthrown by the Kuomintang (nationalists) in 1911

  3. Chinese Communist Party • Founded by Mao Zedong (1921) • Influenced and aided by the Soviet Union (Lenin) • Jiang Jeishi became President (supported by U.S. & GB) and they fought against the communists • 1930’s bloody civil war lasting until 1949

  4. Nationalists vs. Communists • Mao- recruited peasants (Red Army) “guerilla tactics” • The Long March (6,000 miles)- communists outnumbered by nationalists • Japan sees weakness & invades (mid 1930’s)- puts civil war on hold • By 1949- China becomes Communist under Mao Zedong • U.S. feared- communist would spread throughout the world.

  5. Rise of Totalitarian/ Fascist Governments * Radical leaders began to emerge after Post-WWI Europe: - Adolf Hitlerand Nazism, a type of Fascismin Germany - Benito Mussoliniand Fascism in Italy * Most of the new Republics of Europe were not meeting the economic and social needs of their people * Weimar Republic of Germany could not deal with inflation in the German economy * The Italian Social Republic had no political power against political revolutionaries

  6. The Rise of Nazi Germany • Adolf Hitler was a soldier in World War I and resented the Versailles peace settlements • In 1920, Hitler joined the small Nazi Party and became its leader the next year. • A master orator, he gained support of the German people through nationalism, anti-semitism, anti-communism, and charisma • Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933 • Hitler quickly established a totalitarian state in Germany

  7. Rise of Facist Italy • *Benito Mussolini was the leader of the National Fascist Party in Italy • *He became the Prime Minister in 1922 and established a totalitarian state • -He used massive propaganda to influence the Italian people • -He outlawed all other political parties • -He declared himself the Head of Government • -He launched huge economic recovery programs

  8. Characteristics of Fascist Totalitarianism • Used extreme nationalism to get and maintain public support • Wanted to expand military and conquer land • Protect private property (some capitalism) but the state controls production and big industry. • Disagree and condemn both Democracy and Communism • Hitler and Mussolini were Fascist Dictators

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