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Topic: Evaluating the Union during the Civil War: why did the North win?

Topic: Evaluating the Union during the Civil War: why did the North win?. Do Now: “At the onset of the Civil War, the South had more immediate advantages than the North” Assess the validity of this statement. Opening Shots of the Civil War. Early 1861- Lincoln took no harsh action

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Topic: Evaluating the Union during the Civil War: why did the North win?

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  1. Topic: Evaluating the Union during the Civil War: why did the North win? Do Now: “At the onset of the Civil War, the South had more immediate advantages than the North” Assess the validity of this statement

  2. Opening Shots of the Civil War • Early 1861- Lincoln took no harsh action • Union opinion agrees • Confederates attack Fort Sumter (SC) • Lincoln calls for the creation of a Union army • “Border States” remain loyal • Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware • West Virginia created • Lincoln: “Preserve the Union” only • Confederacy wins several victories (Bull Run)

  3. Debates in the North • Northern Democrats split (Peace and War factions) • Copperheads • Lincoln suspends many Civil Liberties • Censorship • Suspends Habeas Corpus • Lincoln increases army size w/out Congressional approval • 1863: NY Draft Riots • Lincoln manages to keep Britain Neutral (Seward), frustrates South • 1864 election: Lincoln wins (due to a Union victory in Atlanta)

  4. Lincoln’s changing attitudes on slavery • Lincoln unsure of how to free slaves • Does not want to anger the border states • War changes Lincoln’s attitudes • Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863) • Frees slaves in rebelling states only • Destabilizes slavery in south  many run away from plantations • Controversy in the north • “moral cause” for victory

  5. “Total War” • Lincoln switches Generals several times • McClellan too cautious • Gettysburg as Turning Point (1863) • General U.S. Grant  “meat grinder” • North has more manpower • Total War concept • Target southern economy & infrastructure • Naval blockade • General Sherman’s “march to the sea” • “Sherman’s Neckties” • Burning of Atlanta • Hampton Roads Meeting: all or nothing (Early 1865) • April 1865: Lee surrenders at Appomattox • Civil War is over!

  6. Conclusion • 1) What was the North’s greatest asset which allowed them to win the war? Defend your answer in 2-3 sentences.

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