1 / 1

DNA Methyltransferase Pathway

DNA methylation is a post-replication modification common in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes and is involved in many important physiological processes in the body, including regulation of gene expression, gene imprinting, maintenance of chromosomal integrity, and X-chromosome inactivation.

thomasm2014
Download Presentation

DNA Methyltransferase Pathway

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. DNA Methyltransferase Pathway DNA methylation is a post-replication modification common in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes and is involved in many important physiological processes in the body, including regulation of gene expression, gene imprinting, maintenance of chromosomal integrity, and X-chromosome inactivation. According to the structure and function, DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) in mammals fall into two main categories, DNA methylation maintenance enzyme Dnmt1 and DNA de novo methylases Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt3L. In addition, Dnmt2 also has weak DNA methyltransferase activity, which has been found to methylate the tRNAAsp anti-codon loop in recent years. These Dnmts are important for mammalian growth and development, and their dysfunction will lead to many diseases such as embryonic developmental disorders and cancers. Therefore, Dnmts may become an important molecular target and play an important role in the treatment and prevention of diseases. DNA Methyltransferase family In mammals, four Dnmts have been found to be classified into two broad categories based on differences in structure and function, represented by Dnmt1 and Dnmt3, respectively. The former is mainly involved in the maintenance of methylation status and is also necessary for CPG site de novo methylation, and is related to the extension of methylation status; the latter includes Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and Dnmt3L, etc., which is the main de novo methylation. Enzymes and the attribution and function of Dnmt2 are not yet clear. Dnmt1 consists of two parts structurally, the N-terminal large domain contains several regulatory sites, and the C-terminus is a catalytic domain. There are three different splice isoforms in Dnmt1, namely Dnmt1s, Dnmt1o, and Dnmt1p. Dnmt1s is expressed in somatic cells, Dnmt1p is only found in the crude line spermatocytes, and Dnmt1o is specifically expressed in oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Dnmt1p does not have Dnmt1 activity because its first exon ORF is too short and may interfere with normal translation. Dnmt1s is a key enzyme that maintains methylation after replication. I Find more at: https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/dna-methyltransferase-pathway.htm

More Related