yellow fever virus

1. yellow fever virus Yellow fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease caused by yellow fever virus (YFV), a prototype of the Genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae. YFV probably originated in Central Africa, spread subsequently to East and West Africa, and was introduced into the Americas with the slave trade between the 16th and 19th centuries. The first recorded outbreak of Yellow fever was in Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, 1648. People first isolated the yellow fever viral from a rhesus monkey inoculated by serum samples from a patient of Ghana in 1927. Yellow fever is the first identified human virus. According to WHO report, there are an estimated 84 000–170 000 cases and up to 60 000 deaths due to yellow fever per year with about 90% of these cases occurs in Africa. A recent outbreak of the disease has been recorded in Angola that has started in December 2015 and 1975 suspected cases and 258 deaths have been reported so far. YFV is usually transmitted by infected mosquitoes and ticks. Humans are infected sporadically when bitten by sylvatic mosquitoes that previously fed on a viremic monkey (so-called jungle yellow fever), but may also serve as the viremic host for inter-human transmission, mainly by Aedes aegypti, a species that breeds in water-containing vessels inside dwellings or in close proximity to them (so-called urban yellow fever). http://www.creative-diagnostics.com/Yellow-Fever-Virus.htm