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Energy Activities OP

Conduct hands-on experiments to measure work and explore different forms of energy, engaging in engaging activities that demonstrate energy transformations.

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Energy Activities OP

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  1. Energy Activities OP Created for OP Physics By Dick Heckathorn 16 February 2K+4

  2. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? 1B2 page 14

  3. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • Materials: • bricks board • meter stick roller skate • string spring scale (Newton)

  4. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 1. Using books or extra bricks, make a ramp with the board as shown in the illustration.

  5. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 2. Measure the force necessary to pull a single brick up the ramp at constant speed. • _______ Newtons

  6. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 3. Measure the distance along the board where the back wheels move as the skate is pulled from the bottom to the top of the ramp. • ________ meters

  7. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 4. Calculate the work done in pulling the brick up the ramp. • FORCE x DISTANCE = WORK • _____N x ____m = ___Joules

  8. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 5. Measure the force needed to lift the brick and skate vertically. • _________ Newtons

  9. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 6. Measure the vertical distance the back wheels of the skate moved as it went to the top of the ramp. • ________ meters

  10. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 7. Predict how the work done in lifting the brick and skate compare to the work done in pulling it up the ramp to the same height. • ______ joules

  11. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 8. Calculate the work done in lifting the brick and skate the same distance vertically as it was previously raised by pulling it up the ramp. • FORCE x DISTANCE = WORK • _____N x ____m = ___Joules

  12. HOW IS WORK MEASURED? • 9. Compare the work done in lifting the brick and skate vertically to the work done in pulling it to the same height up the ramp. • Work done lifting the brick and skate: ______ joules • Work done pulling the brick and skate up the ramp ______ joules

  13. SOME FORMS OF ENERGY 2A1D page 41

  14. SOME FORMS OF ENERGY • 1 . Heat. Heat a bimetallic strip with a match or candle flame. • "Does heat make things move? Is heat a form of energy?"

  15. SOME FORMS OF ENERGY • 1 . Another example of heat to motion that might be used is the form of the pin wheel found in Christmas ornaments that makes use of the convention currents from candles to produce rotation, or a "palm glass" that uses heat from a person's hand to partially evaporate a colored liquid causing the remaining liquid to be forced up a glass tube.

  16. SOME FORMS OF ENERGY • 2. Light. Start a radiometer moving with a flashlight. If a flash attachment from a camera is available, try "kick" starting the radiometer with the flash. For each of the forms of energy, ask “Does _____ make things move? • Is _____ a form of energy?”

  17. SOME FORMS OF ENERGY • 4. Mechanical. This type of energy is the kinetic and potential energy of objects. There are a variety of toys that can be used here to demonstrate mechanical energy.

  18. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? 3A2 page 43

  19. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • Materials: • chewing gum wrapper (foil/paper combination) • scissors • source of heat (incandescent light bulb) and socket

  20. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 1. Cut a strip from the wrapper .5 centimeters wide and 6 centimeters long.

  21. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 2. Hold the strip, shiny side down, over the glowing bulb. Observe what happens.

  22. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 3. Describe what happened to the strip.

  23. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 4. Explain how this demonstrates that heat is a form of energy.

  24. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 5. Predict what will happen if the strip is removed from the source of heat and placed in a cool spot near a window or in a refrigerator.

  25. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 6. Check your prediction in Step 5 by moving the strip from a source of heat to a much cooler area.

  26. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 7. Experiment by using a piece of paper the same dimensions as the strip cut from the wrapper. • Does the heat from the bulb make the paper move?

  27. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 7. Try a strip cut from aluminum foil. • Does the heat from the bulb make the foil move?

  28. CAN HEAT ENERGY MAKE THINGS MOVE? • 8. Explain why the gum wrapper was a better detector of heat than the paper or aluminum foil.

  29. HEAT ENERGY SMORGASBORD 3C3 page 58

  30. HEAT ENERGY SMORGASBORD • STATION #3: SUPERBALL • 1. Very carefully place the bulb of the thermometer into the hole drilled in the ball. Record the temperature. ___ degrees. Remove the thermometer from the ball.

  31. HEAT ENERGY SMORGASBORD • STATION #3: SUPERBALL • 2. Place the ball in the box. • Bounce the ball inside the box for about 5 minutes. Take turns‑ with the other members of your group.

  32. HEAT ENERGY SMORGASBORD • STATION #3: SUPERBALL • 3. After 5 minutes, insert the bulb of the thermometer into the drilled hole. Record the • ___ degrees. • 4. Identify the energy transformations that took place.

  33. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS 4A3 page 69

  34. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • Materials: • 2 hand powered generators (Gencons) • 2 sets of clip leads for the generators • I miniature light bulb (7.5 volt) • bulb holder • 2 "D" cell batteries • masking tape

  35. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 1 . Place the bulb in the bulb holder. Plug a set of clip leads into the generator and connect one of the clip leads to each terminal on the bulb holder.

  36. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 2. Crank the handle of the generator and observe. Describe what happens in terms of energy transformations.

  37. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 3. Tape the two batteries together in series (the positive terminal of one to the negative of the other).

  38. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 4. Hold one of the clip leads from the generator to each of the remaining terminals. Describe what happens in terms of energy transformations.

  39. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 5. Connect the two generators to each other as shown.

  40. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 6 Using what you observed in the previous two steps, predict what will happen when you turn the crank of one of the generators.

  41. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 7. Turn the crank of one of the generators. Describe what happens in terms of energy transformations.

  42. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 8. Turn the crank of the first generator ten revolutions while your partner counts how many revolutions the crank of the second generator makes. Record the results. • # of rev of the 1st generator 10 • # of rev of the 2nd generator __

  43. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR • 9. Did the two generators make exactly the same number of revolutions? • Discuss why or why not in terms of energy transformations.

  44. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR

  45. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE HAND GENERATOR

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