Impact of European Contact: New World, Old World, and Colonial America

1. Impact of European Contact 1 Source:http://www.oberlin.edu/alummag/oamcurrent/oam_spring_00/images/spox2.jpg Columbian Exchange Source: http://people.history.ohio-state.edu/masur1/contact%20with%20america/contact%20with%20america/img009.jpg European Settlements The Colombian Exchange led to new products in the Old and New World Some European objected to harsh treatment of Indians The Indian Population of North America was very diverse. Christopher Columbus landed in 1492. The first English attempt at a colony --known today as the Lost Colony-- was organized by Sir Walter Raleigh Diseases such as smallpox devastated the Indian populations Depiction of Columbus being greeted by Native Americans Explorers such as Magellan helped to expand our knowledge of the world.

2. Jamestown—First Colony 2 Source: http://www.iath.virginia.edu/vcdh/jamestown/images/referencecenter/Js6472.jpg Source: http://www.ianchadwick.com/hudson/jsmith.gif Pilgrims Source: http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~julieann/art/FIRST-LANDING.jpg Winthrop and the Puritans Source:http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/kids/civilrights/hutchinson/winthrop.gif Jamestown became the first English colony in 1607 John Smith set up a system of labor to led Jamestown. The Jamestown colony saw the first slaves imported around 1620 Jamestown served as the destination for the 1st indentured servants Symbolic vision of the Pilgrims Landing at Plymouth Rock Puritan dissenters like Roger Williams left the colony. John Winthrop was the Governor of the Puritan Colony The Mayflower Compact designed a democratic government for the Pilgrims

3. Toleration Act 3 Source: http://www.iath.virginia.edu/vcdh/jamestown/images/referencecenter/Js6472.jpg Source: http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/ti/00000008.jpg Penn and the Quakers Source: http://www.statemuseumpa.org/Potamkin/images/CC%20Lithophane.jpg Williams and Rhode Island Source: http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/chapter_1/001_002_1.31.jpg Roger Williams negotiated with Indians after his banishment to found Rhode Island Dutch traders had a better relationship with local Indians of the NY area than English settlers Quaker William Penn tried to negotiate with Indians over colonial lands. ----------------------------- The Southern and Middle Colonies were based on agriculture such as rice, indigo, and tobacco. Maryland’s Toleration Act guaranteed freedom of religion The South Carolina port of Charles Town was one of the busiest ports in the colonies

4. Southern Colonies 4 Source http://visualhistory.freewebpages.org/Colonial.html Northern Colonies Philosophy and Religion Early colonial life was sometimes harsh especially on rural farms Many colonists practiced a specific trade passed from one generation to another Colonial Plantation Life Northern Colonies had economies that were much more diverse. Agriculture, fishing, and trading were all important activities. Great Awakenings preacher Jonathon Edwards Witchcraft Trials in Salem show the mistrust in society for diversity. Colonial Women mainly worked in the home and have very few legal rights.

5. French and Indian War 5 Source: http://www.iroquoisdemocracy.pdx.edu/images/map1750.gif Source: http://www.mccordfamilyassn.com/Map1763-30.jpg Colonial Protests Begin Source: http://www.history.org/history/institute/Images/protest5.jpg Boston Massacre Source: http://www.patriotresource.com/pics/massacre.jpg Most of the Battles of the French and Indian War were near the Canadian border The Proclamation of 1763 forbad colonists from crossing the Appalachians The Albany Plan, 1754 tried unsuccessfully to unite the colonies under one government. Poster advertising a colonial boycott Revolutionary Leader Samuel Adams helped lead groups like the Sons of Liberty Cartoon reflecting the colonial attitude toward the Stamp Act Boston lawyer John Adams also served to lead colonial protests of British policies. British Redcoats were stationed in the colonies to maintain order

6. Revolutionary War Begins 6 Common Sense Source: http://www.ctssar.org/images/common_sense.jpg Declaration of Independence Source: http://www.americaslibrary.gov/assets/jb/modern/jb_modern_independ_1_m.jpg Source: http://www.billofrightsinstitute.org/images/founder-of-the-month/thomas-jefferson.jpg Revolution begins with shots fired on the commons of Lexington, Massachusetts Paul Revere rides to warn residents that “the British are coming” Battle of Bunker Hill helped prove the colonist’s intentions. King George III of England The Declaration listed many reasons why the colonies had to declare their independence. Committee writing the Declaration of Independence John Hancock’s famous large signature on the Declaration Liberty Bell from Independence Hall, Philadelphia

7. Early War Efforts 7 Source: http://btr0xw.rz.uni-bayreuth.de/cjackson/l/leutze2.jpg Colonial Army vs. British Army Source: http://www.elisabethmorrow.org/classroomnews/g5mpitc1.gif End of the War, 1781 Source: http://www.nostalg66.com/Yorktown.JPG The British would control most of the major colonial cities throughout the war. Charles Cornwallis eventually surrendered to Washington at Yorktown Washington leads his men across the Delaware R. to battle at Trenton Washington and his men at Valley Forge Washington had several very capable Generals such as Nathaniel Greene The Marquis de Lafayette was one of many foreign volunteers to help. The British surrender at Yorktown to end the war in 1781 “Molly Pitcher” at the Battle of Monmouth

8. Articles of Confederation 8 Constitutional Convention Source: http://www.founding.org/assets/images/PRESIDE.jpg Virginia Plan and Compromise Source: http://www.bartleby.com/124/madison.g if The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 organized the process of adding states and also forbid the institution of slavery in these territories Sample survey of territories under the Land Ordinance of 1785 Shay’s Rebellion in Massachusetts showed the weakness of the Articles George Washington served as the President of the Convention Leaders such as Patrick Henry opposed the Constitution because it contained no Bill of Rights Alexander Hamilton helped write the Federalist Papers Existing Copy of the Federalist Papers Actual document containing the Bill of Rights

9. Preamble to the Constitution 9 Source: http://www.homeofheroes.com/hallofheroes/1st_floor/birth/preamble_large.jpg Separation of Powers Source: http://www.seaford.k12.de.us/webdigs/images/govt.h2.jpg Bill of Rights Source: http://home.pacbell.net/macknet/rights.jpg Several important American leaders such as Thomas Jefferson did not attend the Constitutional Convention Benjamin Franklin, the oldest delegate to the Convention, thought it was as good a government as any group of men could design. The Constitution was signed in September 1787 Roger Sherman helped organize the Great Compromise Much of the finished Constitution resembled the Virginia Plan put forth by James Madison The right to bear arms was considered important The right to express one’s opinion was the most important right Actual document containing the Bill of Rights