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TREATMENT OF TUMORS

Maša Radeljak Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat. TREATMENT OF TUMORS. GOALS OF TREATMENT. Complete removal Palliation Amelioration of symptoms Preservation of quality of life. TREATMENT OF TUMORS. Surgery Radiation therapy Chemotherapy Biologic therapy. TREATMENT OF TUMORS. ADJUVANT

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TREATMENT OF TUMORS

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  1. Maša Radeljak Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat TREATMENT OF TUMORS

  2. GOALS OF TREATMENT Complete removal Palliation Amelioration of symptoms Preservation of quality of life

  3. TREATMENT OF TUMORS Surgery Radiation therapy Chemotherapy Biologic therapy

  4. TREATMENT OF TUMORS ADJUVANT Given after the primary treatment Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, biologic therapy NEOADJUVANT First step before the main treatment Chemotherapy, radiation therapy

  5. SURGERY • Prevention- resection of premalignant lesions • Diagnosis- excisional biopsy, incisional biopsy, core-needle biopsy, fine-needle aspiration

  6. SURGERY • Staging- determining the extent of the disease and whether it has metastasized to regional lymph nodes

  7. SURGERY-TREATMENT Most effective therapy 40% Complete excision Local control of tumor Preservation of organ function Resection of metastatic disease Staging information Mastectomy, prostatectomy, lung cancer surgery

  8. SURGERY Palliation- supportive care, pain management, insertion of central venous catheters, ascites Rehabilitation- breast reconstruction, orthopedic procedures

  9. RADIATION THERAPY • Target tissue • Genetic material • Free radicals • Oxygen • X-rays and gamma rays • Teletherapy, brachytherapy, systemic therapy with radionuclides

  10. TELETHERAPY • External beam radiotherapy • Linear accelerators • Most commonly used form of radiation • Breast, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's disease

  11. BRACHYTHERAPY • Internal radiotherapy • Inside or next to the tumor • Temporary or permanent • Cervical, brain, skin and prostate cancer

  12. CHEMOTHERAPY • Cytotoxic drugs • Rapidly dividing cells • Alkylating agents • Antimetabolites • Plant alkaloids and terpenoids • Topoisomerase inhibitors • Antitumor antibiotics • Hormonal agents

  13. TOXICITY • Nausea • Vomiting • Myelosuppression • Mucositis • Alopecia • Gonadal dysfunction

  14. BIOLOGIC THERAPY • Immune mediators • Antibodies • Cytokines • Angiogenesis inhibitors

  15. REFERENCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_treatment Harrison: Principles of Internal Medicine

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