FINAL REVIEW

1. FINAL REVIEW FIRST SEMESTER 2015-2016

2. Which concept from classical Athens is central to western political thought? A Individual achievement, dignity, and worth are of great importance. B Individual recognition impedes societal progress. C. Individuals should fight against nature and society to achieve greatness. D. Individuals play an insignificant role in shaping ideas, society, and the state.

3. Which Greek city was a military state? • Corinth • Sparta • Athens • Alexandria

4. Who expanded democracy during Athens's “Golden Age”? • Pericles • Cleisthenes • Solon D. Alexander

5. Who believed that in an ideal society the government should be controlled by a class of “philosopher kings”? A Plato B. Lao-tzu C. Muhammad D.Thomas Aquinas

6. Who wrote “The Republic”? • Plato • Pericles • Socrates • Aristotle

7. Who extended Greek culture and learning into Egypt and Asia? • Darius • Caesar • Pericles • Alexander

8. The blending of Greek, Persian, Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Indian traditions was known as … • Aryan • Hellenistic • Neo-Classical • Byzantine

9. Rome greatly expanded its control of the Mediterranean by defeating its rival _______ in the Punic Wars • Persia • Athens • Carthage • Sparta

10. The Pax Romana was a (an)… • System of Roman law • Another name for the roman empire • The Roman Religion • 200-year period of peace

11. What was not a Roman contribution to Western law? • A written code • The use of evidence • Ethical and moral principals • Civil and national law

12. The individual most responsible for changing Rome from a republic to an empire was … • Julius Caesar • Hannibal • Pericles • Aristotle

13. Which feature of modern Western democratic government reflects Aristotle’s views ? A. the requirement that government actions must adhere to the law B. the power of the courts to review the law C the granting of emergency powers to the chief executive D the direct election of members of the legislature

14. What is a republic? • Representative government • A government with equality for all • Direct democracy • A comprehensive system of courts

15. Who was the first emperor of Rome? • Octavian • Brutus • Julius Caesar • Cassius

16. Lower class Roman citizens were known as … • Patricians • Helots • Plebeians • Consuls

17. Jewish and Christian beliefs differ from the Greco-Roman tradition in matters concerning the importance of A individual morality. B belief in one God. C the role of law. D. the family unit.

18. In the Greek and Roman traditions, a citizen's most important duty is to Athe state Bmilitary leaders Rome's ancestors DZeus or Jupiter.

19. Who is known as the “Father” of the Hebrews? • Ishmael • Moses • Abraham • Isaiah

20. The holy text of the Jewish faith is the … • The Justinian Code • The Torah • The Twelve Tables • The Koran

21. The Hebrew concept of Man in God’s Image did NOT result in the Western tradition of • Natural law • Human Dignity • Individual Responsibility • Worth of the Individual

22. Traditionally, who led the Israelites out of Egypt? • Abraham • Paul • Moses • Matthew

23. An agreement or promise between God and man is called a … • Diaspora • Covenant • Sabbath • Ethics

24. Who spread the message of Christianity to the Gentiles? • Paul • Augustine • Jesus • Constantine

25. Who started the Protestant Reformation? • Ignatius of Loyola • Martin Luther • John Calvin • Leonardo Da Vinci

26. Which English king is associated with medieval legal reforms? • Charles I • Henry II • Charles II • Henry VIII

27. A legal system based on precedents determined by decisions of royal justices is called • Parliament • Habeas Corpus • Common Law • Due Process

28. The main principle of the Magna Carta signed by King John in 1215 __________. A reduced the power of the monarchy and reduced the power of peasants B limited the power of the monarchy C increased the power of the monarchy D maintained the power of the monarchy and increased the power of peasants

29. How did the Magna Carta (1215) contribute to the development of the English government? A It created a two-house parliament B It extended voting rights C It provided for a bill of rights D It limited the power of the monarch

30. Limitation of royal power, the Right of Petition, Free Speech,Power of the Purse, and Representative Government were all features of • The English Bill of Rights • The Model Parliament • The Magna Carta • The Restoration

31. Who wrote The Wealth of Nations? • Thomas Malthus • Voltaire • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Adam Smith

32. Which philosopher first developed the concept of the “social contract” • John Locke • Thomas Hobbes • Voltaire • Mary Wollenstonecraft

33. John Locke argued that life, liberty, and property are A natural rights that should be protected by government B political rights to be granted as determined by law C economic rights earned in a capitalistic system D social rights guaranteed by the ruling class

34. What document best exemplifies the natural rights philosophy? A The Communist Manifesto B Plato’s Republic C Luther’s Ninety-five Theses D The Declaration of Independence

35. Which document shares many elements with, and was partly inspired by, the Declaration of Independence? • English Bill of Rights • French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen • Magna Carta • Napoleonic Codes 

36. The U.S. Bill of Rights borrowed some of its principle ideas from which document? • U.S. Amendments • Code of Hammurabi • Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen  • English Bill of Rights 

37. Who believed that all governments should provide “Life, Liberty, and Property” • John Locke • Voltaire • Thomas Hobbes • Montesquieu

38. Which philosopher wrote The Spirit of the Law? • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Voltaire • Montesquieu • John Locke

39. Which philosopher believed Civilization corrupts people’s natural goodness, rule by General Will, Democracy, and equality? • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Voltaire • Montesquieu • John Locke

40. Which conflict permanently changed the relationship between Britain and its American colonies? • The Boston Massacre • The Hundred Years War • The French Revolution • The French and Indian War

41. The Stamp Act, Boston massacre, and Boston Tea Party were basically a continuing conflict over • Land • Freedom of Speech • Taxation • Representation

42. Many of the concepts of the Declaration of Independence were based on ideas first voiced by • Thomas Jefferson • Benjamin Franklin • Thomas Hobbes • John Locke

43. Saratoga was a critical battle because … • It started the American revolution • It ended the American revolution • It was Washington's greatest victory • It proved to the French that the Americans could defeat the British army

44. Which of the following WAS NOT a weakness of the Articles of Confederation? • It could not negotiate treaties • It lacked an executive • No power to tax • Unequal representation

45. What was added to the constitution to secure its passage? A. Checks and balances B. A Bill of Rights C. An executive branch D. The right to tax

46. The U.S. has a federal system of government. This means that … • Only the central government can tax • The states have no rights • All powers not given to the central government are reserved for the states • Its bigger than the Articles of Confederation

47. The Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man emphasized governments must A guarantee economic prosperity B protect the rights of people C support established religious beliefs D operate on a system of checks and balances

48. The American Revolution and the French Revolution were similar because A Both favored representative governments B Both limited voting rights to an economic elite C Both retained certain hereditary rights for aristocrats D Both supported equal rights for women

49. When the branches of government remain independent of each other, it is called A popular sovereignty B separation of powers C federalism D direct democracy

50. Unlike the French Revolution, the American Revolution produced A women’s suffrage B short-term military rule C strategic alliances D a lasting constitution