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SUSTAIN Pilot Study

SUSTAIN Pilot Study. April 25, 2012 Curtis DeGasperi King County curtis.degasperi@kingcounty.gov. S ystem for U rban S tormwater T reatment and A nalysis IN tegration SUSTAIN. Data Needs. Land Use/Land Cover map in GIS Watershed model Internal model in SUSTAIN

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SUSTAIN Pilot Study

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  1. SUSTAIN Pilot Study April 25, 2012 Curtis DeGasperi King County curtis.degasperi@kingcounty.gov

  2. System for Urban StormwaterTreatment and Analysis INtegrationSUSTAIN

  3. Data Needs • Land Use/Land Cover map in GIS • Watershed model • Internal model in SUSTAIN • External model (Examples: HSPF, SWMM) • BMP types, design configurations, costs • Instream targets

  4. Cost-Effectiveness Optimization Effectiveness (%Reduction) Cost in Millions of Dollars

  5. Cost-Effectiveness Optimization Cost in Millions of Dollars Effectiveness (%Reduction)

  6. SUSTAIN BMP Modeling Assumptions

  7. SUSTAIN Aggregate BMPs • On-site interception • Rain barrel • Cistern • Green roof • On-site treatment • Bioretention • Porous pavement • Infiltration trench • Routing attenuation • Vegetative swale • Conduit • Regional storage/treatment • Wet Pond • Dry Pond

  8. Land Use-BMP TreatmentsNatural Drainage Design

  9. Land Use-BMP TreatmentsNatural Drainage Design + Gray Infrastructure

  10. Residential On-site Detention Facilities 50 gallon rain barrel $220 unit cost including construction $ 85.40 per yr I&E O&M assumed negligible Total Present Value unit cost = $1,533 ~3,000 gallon cistern $1,600 unit cost including construction $ 85.40 per yr I&E O&M assumed negligible Total Present Value unit cost = $2,913 30-yr lifecycle cost assuming 5% discount rate

  11. Bioretention Facilities 1 Unit is 100 ft2 $20/ft2 Design, permitting, and construction Rain Garden $ 1.10/ft2-yr O&M $213.50 per yr I&E TPV cost = $69.73/ft2 Roadside Bioretention $ 1.10/ft2-yr O&M $170 per yr I&E TPV cost = $63.04/ft2 30-yr lifecycle cost assuming 5% discount rate

  12. Porous Parking Areas 1 Unit is 100 ft2 $ 20/ft2 design, permitting, and construction $ 0.02/ft2 O&M $427.00 per yr I&E TPV = $85.95/ft2 30-yr lifecycle cost assuming 5% discount rate

  13. Detention Pond 1 Unit is ~13,000 ft3 $ 3.43/ft3 construction cost $ 1.20/ft3 design and permitting $ 0.01/ft3 O&M TPV Cost = $ 25.81/ft2 or $ 4.78/ft3 Land cost = $18.25 ft2 30-yr lifecycle cost assuming 5% discount rate

  14. Questions ?

  15. SUSTAIN Pilot Catchment Study Results

  16. Objectives • Documentation • BMPs to be considered and associated treatment trains • BMP designs used in SUSTAIN • Cost assumptions used in model • Methods used to estimate road, rooftop and parking areas • Application of hydrologic target used in model • Extrapolation methods to biological and water quality improvements • Describe general approach for expanding modeling effort beyond pilot catchment

  17. Pilot Catchment Scale Study Green-Duwamish River Watershed Quality Assessment http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/watersheds/green-river/watershed-quality-assessment.aspx

  18. Newaukum Urban Sub-basin Pilot study area Catchment NEW151

  19. Newaukum Urban Sub-basin

  20. Residential Rooftop and Commercial Parking Area Output Building Height Model Land Use/Land Cover

  21. SUSTAIN Aquifers

  22. Optimization Decision VariablesHigh Pulse Count

  23. Till Scenarios

  24. Catchment NEW151 Very Poorly Drained Type D Soils

  25. Green + Gray on Till Scenarios EIA only +80% P EIA only +80% P EIA only +80% P EIA only +80% P Rain Barrels Cisterns Rain Barrels Cisterns

  26. BMP Cost BreakdownGreen+Gray Treatment Train on Till EIA only +80% P EIA only +80% P Rain Barrels Cisterns

  27. Green+Gray on Till Cost Breakdown EIA only +80% P EIA only +80% P Rain Barrels Cisterns

  28. Cost-Effectiveness CurveGreen+Gray on Till Scenario 15

  29. In terms of High Pulse Count

  30. In terms of Log-Linear Regression Model relating HPC to B-IBI

  31. In terms of %ofMaximum B-IBI including uncertainty bounds (80% CL)

  32. Water Quality Extrapolation • SUSTAIN model includes TSS • Extrapolate to turbidity, Cu and Zn using 95% Upper CL regression equations • Calculate TSS, Total Cu and Total Zn load reductions • Calculate frequency of exceedance of turbidity, Dissolved Cu and Dissolved Zn standards

  33. Water Quality ExtrapolationSelected “Best” of Best Scenarios • Up to ~80% reduction in TSS loads • Copper and Zinc loads reduced 30-40% • Frequency of exceedance of turbidity standard reduced ~85% • Copper was not predicted to exceed standards under current conditions • A low frequency of exceedance of the Zn standard was effectively eliminated

  34. Conclusions • A variety of BMP treatment systems can meet similar targets at a variety of costs • Generally, Green+Gray treatment trains performed better than Green only • Effectiveness is highly dependent on assumptions regarding the fate of BMP infiltration

  35. Recommendation • Extend catchment modeling approach to a number of other catchments with relatively homogeneous land use/land cover

  36. Questions ?

  37. Approach to Scaling Up

  38. Approach to Scaling Up

  39. Questions ?

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