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U.S. Biotech Crop Adoption: Who Decides?

U.S. Biotech Crop Adoption: Who Decides?. Leonard Gianessi Crop Protection Research Institute, CropLife Foundation. Transgenic Crops Introduced in the U.S. Herbicide Tolerant Insect Resistant Virus Resistant. Pest Management Decisions.

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U.S. Biotech Crop Adoption: Who Decides?

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  1. U.S. Biotech Crop Adoption: Who Decides? Leonard Gianessi Crop Protection Research Institute, CropLife Foundation

  2. Transgenic Crops Introduced in the U.S. • Herbicide Tolerant • Insect Resistant • Virus Resistant

  3. Pest Management Decisions • What is the most cost-effective solution to pest problems? • compare costs • compare efficacy • What is acceptable for buyers?

  4. U.S. Biotech Crops Year % of Acres Introduced 2003 Herbicide Tolerant Soybeans 1996 80 Corn 1997 12 Canola 1999 91 Cotton 1995 75 Insect Resistant Corn 1996 29 Cotton 1996 40 Sweet Corn 1998 <1 Virus Resistant Papaya 1998 52 Squash 1995 ?

  5. Roundup Ready Soybeans:U.S. Adoption % Acres

  6. Roundup Advantages in Soybeans • Better weed control • Improved crop safety • Fewer application trips • No need for tillage • Fewer active ingredients • Taller weeds can be killed • Less expensive

  7. Canola Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Conventional

  8. Glyphosate Application 8 Days After Glyphosate Application 5 Weeks After Glyphosate Application

  9. Cotton Weed Control:Mississippi (Pre 1997) # of Herbicide Applications 5/A # of Active Ingredients 5/A # of Tillage Passes 3/A

  10. Cotton Untreated Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Impact: + $ 132 million in net income

  11. Grower Benefits ofBT Field Corn Borer Pressure Low High Per Acre Yield Increase (bu) + 5 + 10 Benefit + $2 + $12 USEPA, 2001

  12. Adoption of Bt Corn

  13. Bt CornValue (bu/A) Low High Texas 3 40 Kansas 5 40 Oklahoma 8 18 Colorado 7 23 Louisiana 4 30

  14. Bt Corn Biotech Insect Resistant Insect Susceptible Impact: + 3.5 billion Lbs./year production

  15. Bt Cotton Biotech Insect Resistant Insect Susceptible Impact: -1.9 million lbs/yr insecticide use

  16. Roundup Ready Corn Adoption % U.S. Acres

  17. Roundup Ready Corn • Low-cost broad spectrum alternatives being used • Not available in all important varieties (until recently) • Not approved in the European Union

  18. Roundup Ready Corn Adoption: 2003 % Acres

  19. The genetically modified papaya plants are already being credited with saving an industry that was on its way out New York Times July 20, 1999

  20. Papaya: Infected Tree Removal

  21. Papaya Virus Susceptible Biotech Virus Resistant

  22. Squash Virus Susceptible Biotech Virus Resistant

  23. Sweet Corn Insect Susceptible Biotech Insect Resistant

  24. Florida Sweet Corn Production Million Lbs/Yr

  25. Spraying Sweet Corn: Florida

  26. Florida Sweet Corn Experiment

  27. Bt Sweet Corn Projection: Florida • 80% of Acreage • Reduction of 10 Insecticide Applications/Acre • Insect Control Cost Reduction of $40/Acre • Production Increase of $125/Acre

  28. Bt Fresh Sweet Corn

  29. Future Insect Control Options: Florida Fresh Sweet Corn • Continued Use of 10 Insecticide Treatments/Acre? • Transgenic Bt Sweet Corn?

  30. Attribute® brand sweet corn Photo courtesy of Syngenta Seeds

  31. Biotech Crops Approved but not Planted in the U.S. Current Status Sugarbeet: Herbicide Tolerant Seed Available Potato: Insect Resistant No Seed Available Virus Resistant No Seed Available

  32. Sugarbeet: US Conventional Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Potential Impact: - $93 million/year weed control costs

  33. Biotech Herbicide Tolerant Sugarbeets: U.S. % Acres Planted 1999 0 2000 0 2001 0 2002 0 2003 0

  34. Colorado Potato Beetle

  35. Potato Biotech Insect Resistant Insect Susceptible

  36. Potato Biotech Virus Resistant Virus Susceptible

  37. U.S. Acreage:Insect/Virus Resistant Potatoes 1999 4 % 2000 2 % 2001 0 % 2002 0 %

  38. Insect/Virus Resistant Potatoes: Washington Potential Impacts Insecticide Use -130,000 Lb/Yr Insect Control Costs -$600,000/Yr Potato Production +$5 Million/Yr +90 million lbs/Yr

  39. Potato Late Blight Damage

  40. Fungal Resistant Potato Biotech Fungal Resistant Conventional Fungal Susceptible

  41. Citrus: Texas Virus Susceptible Biotech Virus Resistant

  42. Trees Destroyed 1910-1933 258,000 Commercial 1986-1994 88,000 Commercial 1996- 1,200,000 Commercial 600,000 Residential Citrus Canker Eradication Programs: Florida

  43. Citrus Canker Biotech Bacteria Resistant Bacteria Susceptible

  44. Spraying Antibiotics :Apples

  45. Apple Bacteria Susceptible Biotech Bacteria Resistant Potential Impact: 100% reduction in antibiotic use

  46. Florida: Potential Grape Production • Florida Ranks #2-3 in Grape/Wine Consumer Purchases • Florida has Climate/Soils for Successful Grape Production • Currently Florida accounts for 0.01% of U.S. Grape Production • U.S. Wine Industry: $ 36 billion/year

  47. TAMU

  48. Biotech Grape: Bacterial Resistant Gene Marking

  49. Tomato Geminiviruses: Florida • Reduced Tomato Production by 20% in 1990-1991 • At Low Incidence Because of Increased Insecticide Use

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