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Nervous System

Nervous System. Objectives: Identify structures of the nervous system. Explain differences in the function of the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. D. Nervous Tissue. Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. made up of:

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Nervous System

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  1. Nervous System Objectives: Identify structures of the nervous system. Explain differences in the function of the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system.

  2. D. Nervous Tissue • Nervous tissue is • found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. • made up of: • Neurons: nerve cells (bundles of axons) • Neuroglial cells: helper cells • “glia” = glue • Support and bind components of nervous tissue to each other and to blood vessels • Function similarly to connective tissue in other organ systems

  3. Parts of a Neuron Sketch neuron and label parts.

  4. Nervous System • Organs of this system are divided into 2 groups: • Central Nervous System (CNS) • Brain • Spinal cord • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) • Composed of the nerves (peripheral nerves) that connect the CNS to other body parts • Functions of the nervous system: • Sensory • Integrative • Motor

  5. 1. Sensory Function • Sensory receptors at the ends of peripheral neurons: • Gather info by detecting changes inside and outside the body. • Inside: temperature and oxygen concentration • Outside: light and sound intensities • Convert info into nerve impulses (electrochemical changes) which are transmitted along peripheral nerves to the CNS

  6. 2. Integrative Function Nerve impulses are integrated (brought together) in the CNS. Allows us to make conscious or subconscious decisions.

  7. 3. Motor Function • Peripheral nerves carry impulses from the CNS to effectors (responsive structures). • Effectors are NOT part of the nervous system, but include muscles and glands.

  8. Motor Function • Motor functions can be divided into 2 groups: • Somatic nervous system • Consciously controlled (voluntary) • Controls skeletal muscle • Autonomic nervous system: • Involuntary • Includes heart, smooth muscle, and various glands

  9. Nervous System Function Recap Detects changes inside and outside the body, Makes decisions based on the information received, and Stimulates muscles or glands to respond. What is the purpose of this process?????

  10. Neuroglial Cells • Functions: • Fill spaces • Provide structural frameworks • Produce myelin • Carry on phagocytosis • Vary from CNS to PNS • Table: Type of Cell, Location, Function, Other specific info

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