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The Hebrews and Judaism

The Hebrews and Judaism. The Hebrews. A shepherd named Abraham was named by GOD to be the father of the Hebrew people (around 1800 B.C ). Abraham lived in Mesopotamia in a city-state called Ur. God told Abraham to leave Settled in the land of Canaan . (Israel)

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The Hebrews and Judaism

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  1. The Hebrews and Judaism

  2. The Hebrews • A shepherd named Abraham was named by GOD to be the father of the Hebrew people (around 1800 B.C). • Abraham lived in Mesopotamia in a city-state called Ur. God told Abraham to leave • Settled in the land of Canaan. (Israel) • Abraham’s son, Isaac, is of the line that eventually became the Jews. • Isaac’s son Jacob (also known as Israel) had twelve sons. Ten of these sons and two grandsons were the fathers of the 12 tribes of Israel.

  3. Moses • During a famine in Canaan, the starving Canaanites went to Egypt, where Joseph (a descendent of Abraham) was a top advisor to the Pharaoh. The Canaanites lived in peace in Egypt for several generations. • After a new Pharaoh came to power, the Jews were forced into slavery. • GOD commanded Moses to lead the Israelites out of Egypt. This became known as the Exodus.

  4. Moses • The Israelites wandered the desert for 40 years. • In the wandering Moses climbed Mt. Sinai and received the Ten Commandments from GOD.

  5. King David • During the war with the Philistines( around 1000 B.C.), A shepherd boy named David was chosen to fight the greatest Philistine warrior Goliath. David killed the Philistine with a sling and a stone. • After the death of Saul, Samuel named David the second King of Israel. David’s army won control of Jerusalem and made the city his capital. • David was a great military leader, helped to grow the Israeli economy and was a fine poet and musician. • His writings and works can be found in the book of Psalms.

  6. Solomon • David chose his son, Solomon to become the third King of Israel (around 962 B.C.). • Solomon helped grow the Israeli economy through more trade and taxes. • This economic growth helped to finance Solomon’s overseeing the building of the first Temple in Jerusalem. • Solomon died around 922 B.C.

  7. Israel splits • After Solomon’s death, his son Rehoboam took over as king. • Ten of the northern tribes rebelled against the high taxes of the king and Israel split into two kingdoms.

  8. Under attack • The split in the original kingdom left both the Israelis and Judeans vulnerable for attack. • The Assyrians attacked the Northern Kingdom of Israel and defeated their weak army . • The Babylonians, under King Nebuchadnezzar, attack the Judeans and took Jerusalem and destroyed Solomon’s Temple (around 586 B.C.). • Many of the residents of Jerusalem were forced into slavery of exile.

  9. Temple Rebuilt • The Persians defeated the Babylonians and their leader Cyrus had a policy of toleration. • The Judeans were freed from exile and slavery and allowed to return to Jerusalem. • The Jews begin rebuilding the Temple and the second Temple was finished around 445 B.C.

  10. Romans • In 63 B.C. the Romans conquered Judah. • The Romans allowed the Jews to have Jewish leaders, but all leaders were selected and approved by Rome. • After several attempted rebellions, Titus, who was in charge of the Roman forces in that area, stormed Jerusalem and destroyed the second Temple. • The Jews were again exiled around 70 A.D. • This was known as “Diaspora”, the Greek word for scattered. • After this, there was no Jewish state until 1948 A.D.

  11. Judaism • Judaism is a Monotheistic (there is only oneGod). • The holy book is the Tanak • The Torah is the first five books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. • They have a written law code called the Ten Commandments. • The founder of Judaism is considered to be Abraham

  12. Your assignment for this week. • You need to create an illustrated timeline of Judaism and the Hebrew people. • This is to include items from Abraham to the founding of the new nation of Israel in 1948. (AT LEAST 7) • You may use this PowerPoint, your textbook, the internet or any other references you need to complete the assignment. • These are due Friday and you will present them during class.

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