1 / 15

The Origins and History of Hebrews and Judaism

Explore the origins and history of the Hebrew people, from Abraham and the migration to the establishment of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah. Learn about key beliefs, sacred texts, the role of prophets, the diaspora, and Judaism today.

coryshort
Download Presentation

The Origins and History of Hebrews and Judaism

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Hebrews & Judaism Global I Honors: Spiconardi

  2. Origins of the Hebrew People • Abraham & The Migration (1850 BCE) • Abraham is the patriarch of the Hebrews • He had rejected the deities of Mesopotamia • He migrates from Ur and moves to what becomes known as Palestine • After a drought the nomadic Hebrews migrate to Egypt

  3. The Covenants • Covenant  an agreement or contract with God • In Egypt, God makes several covenants with Abraham • Since Abraham recognized God as the true God: • Abraham would be blessed with numerous descendants • He would be the “father of a host of nations” • The Hebrew people would be given the “promise land” (modern day Israel) • The covenant was sealed with a circumcision

  4. Moses & The Exodus • According to Jewish scripture, Hebrews were enslaved while in Egypt • Moses • First of the prophets • The Moses Story • Birth Raised in the house of Pharaoh The Killing of the slave master Meeting God Plagues Exodus Splitting of the Red Sea Covenant  No Promised Land

  5. Moses & the Exodus • Mosaic Covenant • In exchange for obeying the Decalogue (Ten Commandments), the Children of Israel would be God’s chosen people & special possession

  6. The Promised Land • After years of wandering in the desert, the Hebrews finally reach the Promised Land in 1130 BCE • The Kingdom of Israel • Established the Kingdom of Israel under King Saul in 1020 BCE after years of resisting centralized government • Ruled by tribe previously fearing that having a king would be disrespectful to God the true king King Saul

  7. The Kingdom of Israel • King Solomon • Under his reign, the Hebrew people experienced their most prosperous period • Solomon’s Judgment • Solomon’s Temple

  8. The Split After Solomon’s death, tribal tensions led to the division of the Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Judah • Resided in the North • Invaded by the Assyrians • Resided in the South • Hebrews in Judah became known as Jews • Invaded by the Chaldeans, Babylonians, and Persians • Babylonian Captivity (586 BCE) • Many Jews were forced to live in Babylon • Jews not allowed to resided in the holy city of Jerusalem

  9. Beliefs • Monotheism belief one God • There is only one God (Yahweh) • He is not only the God of the Jews, but all peoples • He created the entire world • Omniscient and Omnipotent • All knowing and all powerful

  10. Beliefs • Sacred Texts • The Torah • First 5 books of the Bible (Pentateuch) • Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Deuteronomy, Numbers • Establishes law and morality • The Ten Commandments  code of behavior, moral guidelines • Explains why the world is the way it is • Adam & Eve, Tower of Babel, Noah’s Ark

  11. Beliefs • Sacred Texts • The Talmud • Series of rabbinical commentaries developed during the Babylonian Captivity to preserve the Hebrew identity • Explains customs such as bar/bat mitzvahs, dietary law, wedding rituals, burial ceremonies, etc. • Deemed more important in Orthodox and Conservative Jewish sects than in Reform Judaism

  12. The Prophets • The Prophets Messengers from God • Preached God’s word on ethics, standards of behavior, morality • Warned the Hebrews that if they failed to keep God’s commandments, they would be punished • Called for social justice & condemned rich for oppressing the poor

  13. Diaspora • Diaspora  a scattering of people • Babylonians displace Jews; many flee to Europe • Romans expel Jews from Palestine in 135 CE • For next 2000 years Jews were “guests” in other people’s lands • Often faced discrimination and made scapegoats (Black Death, Crusades, Dreyfus Affair, Failure of the Weimar Republic’s Economy) • 1n 1948, the U.N. establishes a Jewish homeland and creates the nation of Israel.

  14. Judaism Today & Facts • Influenced the development of Christianity & Islam • First to suggests people could communicate directly with God • Didn’t need priests to communicate on your behalf • 14 million Jews in the world • .22% of the world’s population • More Jews live in USA than in Israel

More Related