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The Infinitive

The Infinitive. The infinitives are the to-infinitive ( He promised to help me) and the bare infinitive ( I must leave now). We use the to-infinitive :. To express the purpose I woke up early to catch the morning train.

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The Infinitive

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  1. The Infinitive

  2. The infinitives are the to-infinitive ( He promised to help me) and the bare infinitive( I must leave now).

  3. We use theto-infinitive:

  4. To express the purposeI woke up early to catch the morning train.

  5. after the verbs such as advise, agree, appear, begin, decide, expect,hope, offer, promise, refuse, want, would like, would love, seem, etc.

  6. f.E. They decided to sell their old car.

  7. We use the infinitive without to: • After modal verbs ( can, must, should, would rather, etc.) You should go to the doctor. • After the verbs let and make My parents don't let me stay out late at night. My mother made me eat all the soup.

  8. After adjectives such as nice, sorry, glad, happy, afraid, easy, difficult, etc.It's easy to learn how to drive a car.

  9. We use the -ing form: • usually after the verbs like, love, dislike, hate, enjoy, prefer, etc John likes going to the supermarket. BUT I would like togo out with you. • after the phrases can’t help, can’t stand, don’t mind, look forward to, etc Jane is looking forward to going to university.

  10. Too - Enough

  11. Too comes beforeadjectives or adverbs. It has a negative meaning and shows that something is more that enough, more than necessary or more than wanted.too + adjective / adverb … + to-infinitiveJane is too weak to carry these boxes. (Jane is so weak that she can’t carry the boxes.)

  12. Enough comes before nouns but after adjectives oradverbs. It has a positive meaning and shows that there is as much of something as wanted or needed.adjective / adverb + enough }…+to-infinitive enough + nounHe speaks slowly enough for me to understand. (I can understand because he speaks slowly.)We have got enough money to buy the car. (We can buy the car.)

  13. not… enough + to-infinitive (negative meaning) • He is not tall enough to become a firefighter.

  14. too… (for somebody/ something) + to- infinitive (negative meaning) The food is too spicy for me to eat.

  15. Expressing preference

  16. To express a general preference we use: - prefer + ing form…to + ing form I prefer going to the cinema to watching TV. • - prefer + to-infinitive… rather than + infinitive without to I prefer to go to the cinema rather than stay at home.

  17. - prefer + noun… to + noun I prefer pizza to pasta.

  18. To express a specific preference we use: • - would prefer + to- infinitive… rather than ( + infinitive without to) • I’d prefer to have a cup of tea rather than (have) a cup of coffee.

  19. - would prefer + infinitive without to … than ( + infinitive without to) He’d rather take the train to work than (take) the bus.

  20. After would prefer.I would prefer to live in the country.

  21. After too and enough.He's too young to cross the street.I've saved enough money tobuy a car.

  22. after would rather and hadbetter.I'd rather stay at home tonight.We'd better go now.

  23. Present: ( to) go (reference-present and future) Present Cont.:(to) be going (reference-action happening now) They want to go home. He wants to travel to China next year. They are thought tobe hiding on a remote island. Tenses of the Infinitive:

  24. Perfect: ( to) have done (reference tothe past) Perfect Cont. : (to) have been going ( reference to the past) He claims to havewon the lottery. They claim to have been working very hard.

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