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Cancer is the 2 nd leading cause of death in the United States

Cancer is the 2 nd leading cause of death in the United States. Cancer is abnormal cell growth. It can occur on the skin, body tissue, bone or blood. Carcinogen - a substance that causes cancer. Malignant tumor - a cancerous tumor Metastasis - spread of cancer. Risk Factors.

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Cancer is the 2 nd leading cause of death in the United States

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  1. Cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death in the United States • Cancer is abnormal cell growth. It can occur on the skin, body tissue, bone or blood. • Carcinogen- a substance that causes cancer. • Malignant tumor- a cancerous tumor • Metastasis- spread of cancer

  2. Risk Factors In many cases, Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes. 1- Family History 2- Environment 3- Lifestyle Choices and Behaviors What are some specific examples that would fall under each category?

  3. In its early stages, cancer may have no symptoms, but eventually a malignant tumor will grow large enough to be detected.  Warning Signs of SPECIFIC Cancers • C –Change in bowel habits • A – A sore that does not heal • U – Unusual bleeding or discharge • T – Thickening or a lump • I – Indigestion or difficulty swallowing • O – Obvious change in a wart or mole • N – Nagging cough or hoarseness

  4. Diagnosis • Screening test Females- self breast exam, pap smear, mammogram & colonoscopy. Males- self testicular exam, doctor prostate exam Colonoscopy. 2. Lab tests • Samples of blood, urine, body tissue or substances in the body are checked for certain features. • Identifies possible changes in a person’s health before any symptoms appear. **Early Detection in Critical!**

  5. Imaging Procedures Pictures of areas inside your body that help the doctor see whether a tumor is present. X-rays: view organs and bones. CT scan: view organs. Ultrasound: views body tissue. MRI: views bone, organ and body tissue. PET scan: Shows chemical activities in the body. Biopsy Small piece of tissue taken from suspected area and examined under a microscope to determine if it is cancerous.

  6. Treatment Surgery • Removal of the tumor and tissue around it. • Prevents re growth of tumor. • May remove lymph nodes to help determine stage of cancer.

  7. Treatment Radiation • High-energy radiation used to kill cancer cells by damaging DNA. • Can kill normal cells too. • Is given in all stages of treatment. • Can be used in combination with chemotherapy. • “Zaps” cancer is one area of the body

  8. Treatment Chemotherapy • Used to destroy cancer cells, stop cancer cells from spreading and slow the growth of cancer cells. • Systemic drug that will travel throughout the body. • Chemotherapy can be given in these forms: • An IV (intravenously) • A shot (injection) into a muscle or other part of your body • A pill or a liquid that you swallow • A cream that is rubbed on your skin

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