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Exploring Microbial Fermentation and Metabolism

Learn about the metabolic processes in microbes when no oxygen is available, focusing on fermentation which releases energy from organic molecules without requiring oxygen. Discover different types of fermentation, such as lactic acid and alcohol, and the catabolism of lipids and proteins. Explore how biochemical tests are utilized to identify bacteria.

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Exploring Microbial Fermentation and Metabolism

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  1. Chapter 5, part B Microbial Metabolism

  2. If no oxygen available: Fermentation • Releases energy from oxidation of organic molecules • Does not require oxygen • Does not use the Krebs cycle or ETC • Uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor • Recycles NAD / NADH for Glycolysis

  3. Fermentation NAD is reduced to NADH in Glycolysis. In fermentation the NADH is oxidized back to NAD to be used again. There are many different types of fermentation, here is lactic acid and alcohol, but different organisms can produce different products. Figure 5.19

  4. Fermentation Figure 5.18b

  5. Fermentation • Different organisms may have different fermentation products because they have different enzymes.

  6. Fermentation • Alcohol fermentation. Produces ethyl alcohol + CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation. Produces lactic acid. • Homolactic fermentation. Produces lactic acid only. • Heterolactic fermentation. Produces lactic acid and other compounds.

  7. Fermentation Figure 5.23

  8. Lipid Catabolism Fatty acid chains are broken down 2 carbons at a time (beta oxidation) to form acetate. Triglycerides contain a glycerol and three fatty acid chains. Figure 5.20

  9. Protein Catabolism Extracellular proteases Protein Amino acids Deamination, decarboxylation, dehydrogenation Krebs cycle Organic acid

  10. Protein Catabolism Figure 5.22

  11. Biochemical tests • Used to identify bacteria. Figure 10.8

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