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Using Lab Apparatus for Measurment Notes

Learn how to measure mass, volume, length, and temperature using lab apparatus. Understand the tools like balances, cylinders, rulers, and thermometers, and master techniques such as water displacement for irregular solids. Graphing methods are also covered.

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Using Lab Apparatus for Measurment Notes

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  1. Using Lab Apparatus for Measurment Notes

  2. Mass • A measure of how much matter an object is made of. • Measured in unit of grams (g) with a triple beam balance or electronic balance. • Mass never changes with gravity.

  3. Make note of the unit… always indicated on the balance. Electronic Balance

  4. Triple Beam Balance Three beams added together to calculate total mass

  5. Volume • The amount of space an object takes up. • Volume is measured in the unit liters (L) if liquid or cubic centimeters (cm3) if a solid. • The tool/instrument used is a graduated cylinder.

  6. Volume cont… • Liquids form a meniscus (curvature) in the graduated cylinder… measure at the bottom of the meniscus • When measuring an irregular solid, a method called waterdisplacement is used to find the volume of that solid

  7. Graduated cylinder

  8. Make note of the unit… always indicated on the graduate.

  9. This curvature is called the meniscus.

  10. Record the volume from the bottom of the meniscus.

  11. The volume of the green liquid would be 78 mL

  12. Now, to get the volume of an irregular solid, we use water displacement Pour in any amount of water and record volume (78mL)

  13. Carefully drop in your irregular solid

  14. Record the new volume (89 mL) **Meniscus may not be there b/c surface tension has been broken by the irregular solid.

  15. BEFORE Now, take the difference between the two volumes 78 mL (89 – 78) = 11 The difference is the volume of the irregular solid recorded in cubic centimeters AFTER 89 mL 11 cm3

  16. Length • The distance between two points. • Measured in the unit meters (m) with a metric ruler.

  17. Metric ruler

  18. Note your units…always on the metric ruler.

  19. Whenever possible, make sure your metric ruler is against a flat surface while measuring.

  20. Record number at the very tip of the object. One’s place first, followed by the decimal since this is a cm/mm ruler.

  21. The length would be 19.05 cm (If it is in the middle…the most accurate measurement would be that value so use it! If you are estimating between 2 numbers, you can go one decimal place further than your tool allows.) How many mm?

  22. Temperature • How quickly particles are moving in an object… degree of hotness or coldness • Measured in degrees Celsius (0C) with a thermometer

  23. Celsius thermometer

  24. Always check the degree division… # of degrees each line represents Always check unit…

  25. Each line represent 2º, so this temperature would be 22ºC

  26. Graphing • Bar Graph--Used to compare information that has been counted or categorized.

  27. Graphing continued… Line Graph--Used to show a continuous relationship between variables over time.

  28. Graphing continued… • Circle Graph/Pie Chart--Used to show how a fixed quantity is divided into parts.

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