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Spanish 3 Chapter 1

Spanish 3 Chapter 1 . Notes for Chapter 1, Spanish 3. Grammar other than the preterite. P42 Sustantivos femeninos en a , ha inicial : Identifying items.

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Spanish 3 Chapter 1

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  1. Spanish 3 Chapter 1 • Notes for Chapter 1, Spanish 3. Grammar other than the preterite

  2. P42 Sustantivos femeninos en a, ha inicial :Identifying items • Feminine nouns that begin with a stressed a or the silent h followed by a stressed a take the masculine article el or the indefinite article un. The reason such nouns take the articles el and un is that it would be difficult to pronounce the two vowels- la a, una a- together. Since the nouns are feminine, the plural articles las and unas are used and any adjective modifying the noun is in the feminine form.

  3. El agua es potable. • Las aguas turbulentas del mar pueden ser peligrosas.

  4. p43 Sustantivos irregulares que terminan en a: Identifying more items • There are several nouns in Spanish that end in a but are masculine. These are nouns derived from Greek roots. They take the definite article el and the indefinite article un.

  5. Note that the noun la mano is irregular. Even though la mano ends in o, it is feminine- la mano. La foto is also used as a shortened version of la fotografía. The noun radio can be either la radio or el radio. The gender varies according to the region.

  6. Los AdjetivosDemonstrativos • Demonstrative adjectives allow up to talk about the proximity of people, objects, or ideas to the SPEAKER. • Ex: Esa chica es mi hermana.(That girl is my sister.) • Este perro es de mi amigo. (This is my friend's dog.) • Aquellos libros son míos. (Those books over there are mine) *These, like all other adjectives, must match the noun in GENDER and NUMBER. *These adjectives sit BEFORE the noun in a sentence.

  7. Formations of Demonstrative Adjectives:

  8. Memory tool: • This and these have “t’s.” • That and those don’t. • Far away starts with A. • And that is all I have to say 

  9. P44 PronombresDemonstrativosPointing out people or things • 1.You have already learned the demonstrative adjectives (this, that). The forms for the demonstrative pronouns (this one, that one) in Spanish are the same as those for the demonstrative adjectives. The demonstrative pronouns used to be distinguished by an accent mark. Although one may still see accents on demonstrative pronouns, they are no longer required. Note the forms below:

  10. 2. Remember that ese and aquel can both mean that or that one. Ese refers to something “sort of far” away from the speaker. Aquel refers to something far away- that one over there (allá). • Este tren aquí y ese que está llegando ahora son muy modernos. • Pero creo que este (aquí) tiene pasillos más amplios que ese allí. • Este tren aquí no sigue la misma ruta que aquel (allí en la otra vía).

  11. P45 Pronombres PosesivosExpressingownership • 1. A possessive pronoun replaces a noun that is modified by a possessive adjective. Like any other pronoun, the possessive pronoun must agree in gender and number with the noun it replaces. Note that the possessive pronoun is accompanied by the definite article.

  12. Review: • Remember, there are 2 forms of the possessive adjective in Spanish. • The Short Form: mi, mis = my tu, tus = yours (familiar) su, sus = his, hers, yours (formal) nuestro (a, os, as) = ours su, sus = theirs, yours (plural) • *The short form always precedes the noun. • Mis libros están en mi mochila. (My books are in my backpack.) • *As all adjectives, they must match in gender and number. • Nuestros perros están en tu garaje. • (Our dogs are in your garage.)

  13. The Long Form: mío (a, os, as) = my, mine tuyo (a, os, as) = yours (familiar) suyo (a, os, as) = his, hers, yours (formal) nuestro (a, os, as) = ours suyo (a, os, as) = theirs, yours (plural) • *The long form always follows the noun and, of course, match in gender and number. • El coche tuyo es rojo. (Your car is red.)

  14. ThePossessivePronouns are: el mío, la mía, los míos, las mías= mine el tuyo, la tuya, los tuyos, las tuyas=yours el suyo, la suya, los suyos, las suyas=his, hers, Ud el nuestro, la nuestra, los nuestros,las nuestras=ours el suyo, la suya, los suyos,las suyas=theirs,yours pl. • Todos tenemos nuestros billetes. • Yo tengo el mío, tú tienes el tuyo y Sandra tiene el suyo.

  15. 2. Just as the adjective su can refer to many different people so can the pronouns el suyo, la suya, los suyos, and las suyas. Whenever it is unclear to whom the possessive pronoun refers, a prepositional phrase is used for clarification.

  16. ¿Está llevando Elena su suéter? • No, no está llevando el suyo. • Está llevando el de él. • 3. Note that the definite article is often omitted after the verb ser. • Estos libros son de Marta. Son suyos. • No son míos. • However, the article can be used to emphasize whose they are. • Estos son los míos y aquellos son los tuyos.

  17. Demonstrative Adjective Practice

  18. 2) Pon la forma apropriada de los adjetivos demonstrativos. • Cosas cercas (Close things) • 1.______________ edifício fue construido en el siglo XIX. • 2.______________ iglesia es nueva. • 3.______________ calles son muy antiguas. • 4.______________ catedral es gótica. • 5._____________ jardines son botánicos. 

  19. Cosas que están un poco lejos (Things kind of far away) • 1.__________ estaciones son de autobuses. • 2.______________ bancos son del distrito financiero. • 3.______________ el Museo de Bellas Artes está en México. • 4.______________ rascacielos es el mas alto de la ciudad. • 5.______________ mercados son típicos.

  20. Cosas que están lejos. (Far away things) • 1. Entré en _____________tienda. • 2. Comí en _____________café delante del teatro. • 3. Compré _____________recuerdos. • 4. Saqué fotos de _____________montañas en la distancia. • 5. Subí _____________escaleras de la pirámide.

  21. Demonstrative Pronoun Practice

  22. B) Contesta con el pronombre demostrativo • 1. ¿Te gusta este suéter o aquella blusa? • 2. ¿Prefieres esa falda o este vertido? • 3. ¿Deseas estas botas o aquellos zapatos? • 4. ¿Quieres esa gorra o este sombrero? • 5. ¿Debo comprar aquel abrigo o este impermeable? • 6. ¿Prefieres estos guantes azules o esos guantes rojos?

  23. Practice (Possessives) Complete the chart (Short Form)

  24. Complete the chart (Long Form)

  25. Complete the chart (Possessive Pronouns)

  26. Tarea • Textbook p42-47, exercises 1-8.

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