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Morphology (Review exercises)

Explore the fundamentals of morphology, from morphemes and word structures to affixation and word formation processes. Practice exercises included for deeper comprehension.

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Morphology (Review exercises)

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  1. Morphology(Review exercises) LI 2013 Nathalie F. Martin

  2. What you should know: • Def: Morphology • Morphemes: • Free, bound morphemes • Analysing Word Structure • Root, affix • Base • Affix: prefix, suffix, infixes, circumfix • Derivation: • English derivational affixes • Constraints in derivation • Trees MORPHOLOGY (chap. 4, Rowe & Levine)

  3. Whatyoushould know: • Inflection: • Inflection in English • Inflection vs. Derivation • Compounding: • Properties of compounds •  Other Morphological Phenomenon: • Processes: Compounding, Conversion, Clipping, Blending, Back-formation, Acronyms, Onomatopoeia, Eponyms & Trade names, Derivation, Other word formation processes, Foreign word borrowing MORPHOLOGY(continued) (chap. 4, Rowe & Levine)

  4. TABLE OF CONTENT Morphemes Lexical Categories Compound Words Affixation and Trees Bound Morphemes: Inflectional or Derivational? Word Formation Process Overall Review

  5. Morphemes Words: simple or complex? Morphemes: Free or bound?

  6. Simple or ComplexWords/BoundMorphems Are these words simple or complex? Circle the bound morphemes. Anyways  Complex -s Forget Simple no bm Undo  Complex, un- Tonight Complex, no bm Spleeny Complex, -y Anyways Forget Undo Tonight Spleeny O’Grady, 2009

  7. Free & BoundMorphemes Put a plus (+) sign between morphemes. Label each as bound (b) or free (f) Discredit  dis (b) + credit (f) Using  Use (f) + ing (b) Tricycle  Tri (b) + cycle Delight Delight (f) Justify  Just (f) + ify (b) Discredit Using Tricycle Delight Justify

  8. Free & Bound Morphemes Tele (b) + vision (f) In (b) + form (f) + atory (b) Farm (f) + ing (b) Re (b) + form (f) + ation(b) Ranch (f) Television Informatory Farming Reformation Ranch Put a plus (+) sign between morphemes. Label each as bound (b) or free (f)

  9. Lexical Categories

  10. Exercise: Word class • Establishment • a • to • lovely • inconvenience • adversely • submit • or • from Determine the word class of each of the following words. Is it a content word of a function word? Noun Determiner Preposition Adjective Noun Adverb Verb Conjunction Preposition

  11. Compound Words

  12. REVIEW Determine the lexical category of these compound word. • VERB ADV = N • NOUN NOUN = N • VERB NOUN = N • ADV VERB = Adj • NOUN NOUN = N • ADV V = Adj Makeover Ladybug Workbook Downcast Firefly *Downtrodden

  13. Affixation and Trees

  14. Word Structure – MorphologicalTrees • Draw the trees. a) b) Reference: O’Grady & al. (2009)

  15. Word Structure – MorphologicalTrees Draw the tres. c) Reference: O’Grady & al. (2009)

  16. Word Structure – MorphologicalTrees Draw their tree structure. Label the root, the baseand the affix d) Dissatisfied Adj Adj Af V Af Dis satisfied

  17. Word Structure – MorphologicalTrees Draw their tree structure. Label the root, the base and the affix d) Activation Root Base Base Base

  18. Bound Morphemes:Inflectional or Derivational?

  19. Looking at the AFFIX:Inflectional or Derivational? Derivational prefix Inflectional suffix Derivational suffix Inflectional suffix Derivational prefix Derivational suffix Inflectional suffix • impermeable • plagiarized • plagiarize • Cats • despair • fragility • slowest

  20. Looking at the AFFIX:Inflectional or Derivational? premade undo whiten beaten oxen slower teacher Derivational prefix Derivational prefix Derivational suffix Inflectional suffix Inflectional suffix Inflectional suffix Derivational suffix

  21. Looking at the AFFIX:Inflectional or Derivational? Place a plus (+) sign between each morpheme Label each BM as derivational (D) on inflectional (I). • BILL + ‘S (I) • RUN + ING (I) • PLAY + ER (D) * • ACT + ION (D) • ROUGH + EST (I) • COME + S (I) • FRIEND + LY (D) Bill’s Running Player Action Roughest Comes Friendly Rowe & Levine, 2012

  22. Looking at the AFFIX:Inflectional or Derivational? Place a plus (+) sign between each morpheme Label each as derivational (D) on inflectional (I). • UN (D) + FRIEND + LY (D) • LONG + ER (I) • LOVE + ABLE (D) • JUDGE + MENT (D) • BANANA • SLOW + EST (I) • QUICK + ER (I) Unfriendly Longer Loveable Judgment Banana Slowest Quicker Rowe & Levine, 2012

  23. Looking at the AFFIX:Inflectional or Derivational? Place a plus (+) sign between each morpheme Label each as derivational (D) on inflectional (I). • UN (D) + HAPPY • SEMI (D) + CIRCLE • NO + BODY • AARON + ‘S (I) • BROKE + EN (D) * • BROKE + EN (I) * • HAPPY + LY (D) Unhappy Semicircle Nobody Aaron’s Broken (adj) Broken (v) Happily Rowe & Levine, 2012

  24. Word Formation Process How to new Words are created

  25. New Word Formation Process • Name all ten word formation processes seen in class: • Derivation • Compounding • Conversion • Clipping • Blending • Back-formation • Acronyms • Onomatopoeia • Eponyms & Trade names • Foreign word borrowing

  26. SUFFIXOCATING !!! Whatwas the wordprocessused for the word « suffixocating » Blending

  27. Homework - Ex 19, p. 144 Automation  automate Humid  humidifier Information, entertainment   infotainment Loveseat loveseat Progress progress Typographical error  typo Aerobics, marathon aerobathon Act deactivate Curve, ball curve ball Backformation Derivation Blending Compounding Conversion Clipping Blending Derivation Compounding O’Grady, 2009

  28. Homework - Ex 19, p. 144 Perambulator pram (the) comb comb (your hair) Beef, buffalo beefalo Randomaccessmemory RAM Megabyte meg Teleprinter, exchanger telex Influenza flu GST Goods and Services Tax Clipping Conversion Blend Acronym Clipping Blend Clipping Initialism O’Grady, 2009

  29. Overall Review

  30. Morphology Invent a word using this root : VACUUM • by adding a prefix to this base (make sure that there are no constrains to the combination). • And then adding a suffix. • Draw the structure (tree) of the two words that you have just created. • What are the lexical categories of these words?

  31. Morphology Invent a word using this root : WORSHIP • by adding a prefix to this base (make sure that there are no constrains to the combination). • And then adding a suffix. • Draw the structure (tree) of the two words that you have just created. • What are the lexical categories of these words?

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