1800-1860: The Era of the Democrats

1. 1800-1860: The Era of the Democrats

2. The election of 1800 • Started when Thomas Jefferson became President. • Won control of both houses of Congress. • “Era of Good Feeling”

3. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) All white males could vote. Spread spoil system- practice of awarding public offices, contracts, and other governmental favors to those who supported the party in power.

4. End of The Era of Democrats North vs. South Democrats split because the crisis over slavery in 1850s. Republican Party founded in 1854. In the election of 1860, Republicans elected Abraham Lincoln and he won.

5. 1860-1932 The era of the republicans SafaNahshal Diane Fsai Hussein Aljabail

6. The Civil war signed the beginning of the 2nd era of One party sway • For 75 years the Republicans dominated the national political scene • They were supported by farmers, laborers, and newly freed African Americans • After the Civil war the Democrats became strong leaders in the south, because the south did not like that they lost the War & President Lincoln- Republican, had just freed the slaves leaving the southerners furious

7. The Election • In the election of 1896 the Republican party nominated William Mckinleywho supported the gold standard, while the Democrat candidate was William Jennings Bryan who was a supporter of true silver • Mckinley of the Republican party party won victory in 1896, The Republicans regained the presidency

8. Years later the Republicans suffered their worst set back of the era, in 1912 when they renominated president William Howard Taft. • Former president Theodore Roosevelt denied the nomination of his party leaving the Republicans to become the candidate of his Bull moose progressive party • Republican support was divided between Taft and Roosevelt resulting in the Democratic nominee Woodrow Wilson was able to capture the presidency, he also managed to the office 4 years later by a very narrow margin

9. Again the democratic successes of 1912-1916 • The GOP (Republicans) reasserted its control by winning the next 3 presidential elections: Warren Harding of Ohio in 1920, Calvin Coolidge of Vermont in 1924, and Herbert Hoover of California in 198.

10. 1932-1968 The landmark presidential election of 1932 brought Franklin Roosevelt and the democrats back to power at the national level. Franklin Roosevelt and The Democrats won with a new electoral base, built largely of southerners, small farmers, organized labor, and big-city political organizations.

11. The republicans regained power at the White House in 1952 and kept it in 1956, with ww2 hero Dwight Eisenhower. Both times Eisenhower defeated the Democrat Adlai Stevenson. Senator John F. Kennedy recaptured the presidency for the Democrats in 1960. Lee Harvey Oswald shot and killed president Kennedy in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963, and so Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson became President. Mr. Johnson won a full term of his own in 1964, crushing the republican Barry Goldwater of Arizona.

12. 1968- Present By: MohamadKassemand Fuad Haddad

13. Era of Divided Government, 1968-Today 1968 from this election on, neither party consistently held the Presidency, and Congress often controlled the opposing part.

14. President Nixon • In 1968 he defeated vice president Hubert Humphrey which was the candidate of democratic Party that was torn apart by conflicts over the war in Vietnam, civil rights, and a variety of social issues. • President Nixon retained the White House in 1972, routing the choice of the still-divided Democrats. However, the Watergate scandal forced him from office in August of 1974.

15. Republican Advantage • In 1980 a worsening economy, political fallout from the Iranian hostage crisis, and his own inability to establish himself as an effective President spelled defeat for Jimmy Carter. • Led by Ronald Reagan, the former governor of California. The Republicans scored an impressive victory over President Carter and the independent bid of former Republican Congressman John Anderson of Illinois.

16. Ideological Parties Those based on a particular belief They have views of social, economic and political matters. Single issue that they focus on They always win many votes and have been long lived Fun Fact

17. They are built off Marxist thoughts: • Marxist-Leninist; communist party--largest in the Country!! • Chairman: Sam Webb • Founded in 1919 • Socialist • Socialist Labor • Socialist Worker • Communist Parties Don’t forget many other countries like Africa, China, Asia and Europe have these parties!

18. Libertarian Party • Emphasizes individualism • Calls for a small government • 3rd largest party in the United States

19. Rawan Almasnaah Marwa Baydoun Yazen Awadalla 4th hour Single – Issue Parties

20. Single – Issue Parties • Single- Issue parties focus on a single public question/ issue. • Characteristics: • Dies/ fades off into history • Their themes have failed to attract voters, or as major parties have taken their key issues as their own.

21. Examples: Free Soil Party • Opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories. • Political party in the 1848 and 1852 presidential elections, and in some state elections. • Worked to remove existing laws that discriminated against freed African Americans.

22. Know Nothings Party • Opposed Irish- Catholic immigration in the 1950s. • Purify American politics by limiting or ending the influence of Irish Catholics and other immigrants • Right to Life Party • Opposes abortion today • Roe v. Wade 1943 legalized abortion

23. Economic Protest Parties NourKanaan ZynabKiblawi

24. Economic Protest Parties • Parties rooted in poor economic times. • Lacked a clear ideological base. • Dissatisfied with current conditions and demanded better times. • Focused their anger on such real and imagined enemies such as: • Monetary system • “Wall street bankers” • Railroads • Foreign imports

25. The Greenback Party • Political party formed in the years 1874-76 • The members were principally farmers of the west and south. • Nominated Peter Cooper as its own candidate in 1876. • This party opposed to the retirement or reduction of greenbacks and favored their increase as the only paper currency. • Tried to take advantage of agrarian discontent from 1876-1884

26. The Greenback Party Continued • The agriculture appealed to struggling farmers by calling for the free coinage of silver, federal regulations of railroads, an income tax, and labor legislation • A descendant of the Greenbacks, the populist party of the 1890s also demanded: • Ownership of railroads • Telephone and telegraph companies • Lower tariffs • Adoption of the initiative and referendum • Each of these economic protest parties disappeared as the nation climbed out of the difficult economic period in which the party arose.

27. Those that have split away from one of the major parties are know as Splinter Parties. • Most of the more important minor parties in our politics have been splinter parties. • Splinter parties have formed around a strong personality, often when someone has failed to win presidential nomination. • There are many parties that started few of them are • Bull Moose progressive party of 1912 • The Green party 1996

28. Bull moose party Former President Theodore Roosevelt became the Progressive or the “Bull Moose” party’s nominee in 1912 after losing the Republican party's nomination. William Howard Taft was chosen to run and he won the presidency for the Republican Party Roosevelt who left the convention and then formed his own party, the Progressive Party or Bull Moose Party. Bull moose Progressive Party passed away when Theodore Roosevelt returned to the Republican fold after the election of 1912 If Roosevelt had not quit the Republican Party, William Howard Taft would of fared much better, Woodrow Wilson would not have become President.

29. The Green party Founded in 1996 The Green Party began as a classic single-issue party The Green party came to prominence in 2000 with Ralph Nadar, his issue was environmental protection, healthcare etc. The Greens refused to nominate nadir in 2004. In 2004 they instead chose attorney and political activist David Cobb. In 2008 the Green Party nominated Cynthia McKinney a former Democratic congresswomen from Georgia.