Reading Strategies

1. Reading Strategies Samar Aal

2. Strategies that can help students read more quickly and effectively include Pre reading: • Previewing • Skimming • Predicating During reading • Guessing from the context • Scanning • Outlining • Paraphrasing and summarising • Inferring • Synthesizing • Determining importance Post reading • Completing graphic organizers • Semantic maps • Ranking the importance of information.

3. Guess the meaning from the context 1. While aggressive behaviour is often thought as, purely physical, verbal attacks such as belittling or humiliating comment can also be a type of aggression. • flattering • humble • Degrading • Serious

4. 2. What is key to the definition of aggression is that whenever harm is inflected it is intentional. • estimated • regarded • forbidden • deliberate

5. 3. Nitrogen dioxide has a brownish hue. • odour • smoke • thickness • colour

6. 4. Each of these ponderous parasitic plants can weigh up to 15 pounds. • smelly • hidden • Mature • heavy

7. 5. Autism is not a single disease entity, but instead it is a syndrome defined by patterns of behaviour. • concurrent set of symptoms • feeling of euphoria • mental down break • repetitive tasks

8. 6. Portraits were painted for those who desired to have a tangible representation of a family member for the posterity. • Prominent display • future generation • social acceptance • delayed gratification

9. 7. One of its symptoms is being claustrophobic. • fear of high places • comfort in closed places • fear of closed places • contend in general

10. A TOEFL paragraph Parasitic Plants Parasitic plants are plants that survive by using food produced by the host plants rather tan their own food from the sun’s energy. Because they do not need sunlight to survive, parasitic plants are generally found in umbrageous areas rather than in areas exposed to sunlight . Parasitic plants attach themselves by host plants often to the stems or roots by means of haustoria which the plant used to make its way into the food channels of the host plant and absorb the nutrients that it needs to survive from the host plant. a. moist b. well lit c. shaded d. buried

11. Guidelines to answer the question 1. Read only one sentence 2. READ the sentence 3. Try to guess the meaning using the strategies discussed 4. Eliminate 5. Replace and read the sentence

12. Transactional strategies Instructions (TSI) (Pressley 1998) • Strategies require a long-term commitment from the teachers. • Teacher explains and model effective comprehension strategies. • Only a few strategies are emphasized at any time. • The teacher coaches students to use the strategies. • Students model uses of strategies to one another explaining aloud what strategies they used. • The usefulness of strategy is emphasized continually.

13. Advantages • They help students develop a set of reading strategies and match appropriate strategies to each reading situation. • Students can adjust their reading behavior to deal with a variety of situations, types of input, and reading purposes. • Strategies help the students move past the idea of reading word for word (bottom up strategy) and use top-down strategies as they do in their native language. • Students' comprehension improves and their confidence increases when they use top-down and bottom-up skills simultaneously to construct meaning • When reading strategies, students find that they can control the reading experience, and they gain confidence in their ability to read the language. • ultimately , students could transfer the strategies they use when reading in their native language to reading in a language they are learning

14. Drawbacks