Case Study 2: Afforestation & Reforestation Project

1. Case Study 2: Afforestation & Reforestation Project Sudhir Sharma, AIT

2. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

3. Project Details • Type of activity – Reforestation • 4188 hectares of area in an around 4 HE reservoirs of AES-Tiete, owners of land • Reforestation through native vegetation, • Nursery for seed collection and plant propagation before transplanting to land. • 500 hectares per year – over 9 years • Benefits • Preserve hydraulic resources • Maintenance of reservoir and guarantee of energy generation • Fresh water sources and ground water recharge • Preserve Biodiversity • Local benefit – employment by maintaining forest as well as tourism in the area for fishing and camping. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

4. Project details • Definition of forestry adopted – country yet to announce the definition, higher end chosen to ensure future compliance. • Minimum crown cover – 40% • Minimum area – 0.05 hectares • Minimum Tree height – 5 m • Verification of eligibility • Landsat-5 images of area for period 1989 and 2004. • Credit period • Fixed 30 years • CER type • Long CERs (lCERs) • Project start data – 1st January 2005 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

5. NMB: Identification of Methodology • Title – Reforestation of grasslands with native species • Applicability • The proposed project area is currently in a deforested state or is eligible for afforestation. • The proposed project area will be reforested as conservation/preservation areas (no commercial logging). • The Project is not economically viable without CDM. • The area will be permanently used as a conservation and preservation promoting the biodiversities corridors. • Reforestation occurs using a wide variety of native species only. • Carbon Pools • Above ground biomass including dead wood and litter, • below ground biomass (roots), and • soil organic Carbon. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

6. NMB: Approach • Baseline approach - Changes in carbon stocks in the pools within the project boundary from the most likely land use at the time the project starts. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

7. NMB: Description of Methodology • Baseline Methodology Steps • Analysis of Land use change on the region • Identify and analysis Influences on the land use of various factors • Prove additionality of project based on land use analysis • Identify baseline scenario based on land use analysis • Stratify the project area through sampling and existing information. • Baseline Sequestration - Based on tier 2 and tier 3 methods, as defined in 3.2.2.1.1.1 of the IPCC GPG for LULUCF. • Determine maxm biomass accumulation for each layer in each stratum and compare with estimates of IPCC GPG for LULUCF. Calculate the current total biomass and the projected future biomass per unit area for each vegetation layer in each stratum for project duration. • Estimate current biomass and project future biomass. • Calculate total biomass for each time period. • Calculate GHG sequestration for each time period. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

8. NMB: Description of Methodology (2) • Changes in carbon pools only, no GHG emissions accounted. • Estimate leakage • Effect of direct management activities outside project • Estimate emissions from leakage • Additionality – based on additionality tool • Project Boundary – Strip of land around the identified four reservoirs. • Project sequestration: EA = Σ ∆C (x, expected) • Biomass Above Ground • BLT = 0.1184 (DAP2.53)*# of trees*(0.1 or 0.2) • DAP = chest height diameter (cm) • BDST = 0.1184 (DAP2.53)*# of trees*(0.1 or 0.2) • BDFT= 0.4 DAP2 L 0.25 *# of tree*(0.1 or 0.2) • L: length of tree 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

9. NMB: Description of Methodology (3) • BAH (t/ha) = (PSM/PFM) x PFT x 0.1 • BAH = shrub/herb biomass (dry matter) • PSM = dry weight of sample collected (kg) • PFM = fresh weight of sample collected (kg) • PFT = total fresh weight per square meter (kg/m2) • 0.1 = conversion rate for 4m x 25m parcels • BH (t/ha) = (PSM/PFM) x PFT x 0.04 • BH = biomass of forest fuels (dry matter) (kg) • BTR = exp [-1.085 + 0.926 LN (BTAA)] • BTR = root biomass. • BTAA = total biomass of trees and shrubs. • = BLT + BDST + BDFT + BAH (t/ha). 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

10. NMB: Description of Methodology (4) • BVT = BLT + BDST + BDFT + BAH + BH + BTR • CS = (PVs* %CLAB ) / 100 • CS = carbon in soil (t/ha) • PVs = weight of soil volume • %CLAB = results of C content (%), analyzed in laboratory • TC = BVT* 0.45 + CS • DAP equation will be developed under project though experimental plots • Leakage: Not applicable – baseline sequestration so defined as to incorporate leakage. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand

11. NMB: Data Sources • Current land cover - sampling • Baseline – IPCC Good Practice Guidance (GPG) methodology will be used. • Project – monitored data for biomass and parameters from IPCC GPG. • Project eligibility – LANDSAT DATA. 4th Regional Workshop and Training on Capacity Development for the CDM April 4-5 , 2005, AITCC, AIT, Thailand