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Maps

Maps. Latitude & Longitude. 2D vs. 3D Maps. Main Idea 1. Each practical map contains specific indications, symbols, & keys that are vital for navigating or pinpointing an exact location. CARTOGRAPHY. What is a cartographer ? . CARTOGRAPHY. Define Cartographer :

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Maps

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  1. Maps Latitude & Longitude 2D vs. 3D Maps

  2. Main Idea 1 Each practical map contains specific indications, symbols, & keys that are vital for navigating or pinpointing an exact location.

  3. CARTOGRAPHY What is a cartographer?

  4. CARTOGRAPHY Define Cartographer: person who specializes in making maps

  5. LATITUDE & LONGITUDE What is latitude? What is latitude?

  6. LATITUDE & LONGITUDE Define Latitude: imaginary lines that run horizontally on a map/globe, indicating a distance north or south of the equator Also called: Parallels 0o is called: Equator

  7. LATITUDE & LONGITUDE What is longitude? What is longitude?

  8. LATITUDE & LONGITUDE Define longitude: imaginary lines that run vertically on a map/globe, indicating a distance east or west of the prime meridian Also called: Meridians 0o is Called: Prime Meridian

  9. JUST TO RECAP

  10. SYMBOLS USED ON A MAP What is a compass rose? What is a compass rose?

  11. SYMBOLS USED ON A MAP Define Compass Rose: a design on a map that indicates direction

  12. SYMBOLS USED ON A MAP What is a compass? What is a GPS? What is a compass? What is a GPS?

  13. SYMBOLS USED ON A MAP Direction Tools Used in Real Life Compass: Instrument used to determine direction by means of a magnetic needle pointing to magnetic north Global Positioning Satellite (GPS): Satellite signals that plot positions using coordinates (latitude/longitude).

  14. SYMBOLS USED ON A MAP What is a scale? What is scale?

  15. SYMBOLS USED ON A MAP Define Scale: The ratio of a distance on a map to the actual distance between locations Types of Scales 1.) Graphic: Directly shows the length of some unit of distance on a map 2.) Fractional: Gives the ratio of units on a map to units on Earth’s surface

  16. Main Idea 2 2D maps distort distances on the 3D surface of Earth

  17. PROJECTIONS What is a projection? What is a projection?

  18. PROJECTIONS Define: Conversions of a 3D object into a 2D one. 2 Types of Projection: 1.) Cylindrical 2.) Planar

  19. PROJECTIONS What is cylindrical projection? What is a cylindrical projection?

  20. CYLINDRICAL PROJECTION Define Cylindrical Projection: Taking a 3D model of Earth and then rolling it flat. Meridians & parallels are equally spaced & perpendicular to each other.

  21. CYLINDRICAL PROJECTION Advantage: Navigators can easily plot their compass bearings as straight lines Disadvantage: Model gets highly distorted toward the top and bottom

  22. PROJECTIONS What is planar projection? What is planar projection?

  23. PLANAR PROJECTIONS Define Planar Projection: Conversion of a 3D globe into a 2D map by cutting the globe in half The 2 Poles are at the center.

  24. PLANAR PROJECTIONS Advantage: Areas at the poles are highly accurate; easier for airplane pilots to locate shorter routes. Disadvantage:Gets highly distorted towards the edges.

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